Total Cardiopulmonary Bypass in the Laboratory a Preliminary to Open Heart Surgery

Abrams, L. D.; Charles, Eric J.; Hamley, E. J.; Lee, R.E.; Ashton, F.; Fejfar, Jakub; Hudson, William A.; Lightwood, R.; Mathews, E.T.; D'Abreu, A.L.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(58)90062-x

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These authors employed an inductively coupled coil cardiac pacemaker with an external pulse generator (Abrams, Hudson, and Lightwood, 1960). As with all other methods for long-term atrial pacing this system retains the advantage of atrial transport, the P-R interval being little more than 0-2 second, and has the added advantage that reoperation for the replacement of batteries is not necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term Ventricular Pacing in Treatment of Sinoatrial Block

Bayley¹

1971

BMJ

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term Ventricular Pacing in Treatment of Sinoatrial Block

Bayley¹

1971

BMJ

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“…The patient carries a small pacemaker connected to a similar coil, which is placed on the skin over the implanted coil. Power from the pacemaker is then transmitted to the heart by induction across the intact skin (Abrams, Hudson, and Lightwood, 1960).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Failure of Artificial Pacing

Sowton¹,

Davies²

1964

BMJ

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a completely successful mitral valvotomy, or repair of an atrial septal defect, it is probably no longer needed. The effectiveness of quinidine, after conversion with direct-current shock, to lessen the relapse rate is being further studied.No complication in the present series has been serious. Extreme care is required and proper insulation of the apparatus is essential, especially when used at the time of thoracotomy. Ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation after direct-current shock in dogs appear to be related to the height of the voltage and the amount of energy used (Peleska, 1963). Our present plan for version is to use no more than four shocks, with energy increasing from 150 to 250, 350, and 400 watt sec.Relapse after successful direct-current shock seems most frequent if the left atrial pressure and volume remain above normal once sinus rhythm has been restored. This may occur in mitral-valve disease and in some of the cardiomyopathies. In the patients with " lone " atrial fibrillation there has been an as yet unexplained high relapse rate. Many of the patients with cardiomyopathy have been alcoholic, and failure to remove the provocative agent may contribute to their relapse. The need to repeat the procedure frequently should not arise; if the rhythm is constantly unstable, well-controlled atrial fibrillation is preferable to repeated changes of rhythm.In conclusion, a new method of treating arrhythmias has proved better than old methods for many patients, and it should have an established place for future practice. SummaryFifty patients who had atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, or atrial tachycardia, resistant to treatment with drugs, were treated with direct-current shock. In 43 of these sinus rhythm was successfully achieved. The method is described and indications and contraindications for this form of treatment are given.Complications, which were few, are described. The results of a follow-up extending to nine months after successful treatment are given.We wish to thank the physicians and surgeons of the National Heart Hospital, and Drs. William Barratt, Richard Bomford, and Walter Somerville, who referred patients; Drs. John Beard and Alan Gilston, who gave the anaesthetics; Sister Curry, theatre superintendent of the National Heart Hospital, and her staff for willing assistance ; and Mr. John Norman, chief technician, the Institute of Cardiology, and his staff for technical help.ADDENDUM.-Since this paper was written a further 59 patients with arrhythmias have been treated with direct-current shock. The results in them have been similar and our conclusions the same. , 1964, 1, 1470-1474 The use of artificial pacemakers in the treatment of StokesAdams disease has increased rapidly over the past few years, and many patients who were previously bedridden or suffered from recurrent syncopal attacks have been enabled to live relatively normal lives. The combination of electronic and clinical attention required by patients with artificial pacemakers can best be provided by the specialized c...

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“…If you don't, it will do me no good and you'll have had it!' Experimental surgery began in the labs of the Department of Surgery 42 oxygenator was a Kay/Gaertner vertical screen pump-oxygenator, a 'poor man's MayoÁ/Gibbon', costing only £1500 ( Figure 5). 44 It never worked satisfactorily, although, on visiting from the Hammersmith, I could not figure out why, because it had superficially all the characteristics of the Mayo Á/ Gibbon.…”

Section: Birmingham á / Queen Elizabeth Hospitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If you don't, it will do me no good and you'll have had it!' Experimental surgery began in the labs of the Department of Surgery 42 and, in 1958, the clinical series started. Abrams reported 18 cases at the autumn meeting of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, only to be upstaged by Cleland, who reported 40!…”

Section: Other Uk Cardiac Surgical Units In 1958mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfusion in Britain: the early days

Braimbridge

2004

Perfusion

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Experimental perfusion was largely the province of Germany in the nineteenth century but in the mid-twentieth century the focus of perfusion switched to the USA with the explosive clinical advances of Lillehei, Kirklin and Cooley. British clinical perfusion started with Melrose in 1953 at the Postgraduate Medical School in London but, as in other centres at that time, stopped due to the high mortality. The arrival of hands-on experience of American expertise via returning research fellows and other visitors to the USA enabled the first successful on-going series to begin at the Hammersmith Hospital with Cleland in 1957 and then to spread around the country. The various problems of those early 1950s days are described in the units starting then.

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Total Cardiopulmonary Bypass in the Laboratory a Preliminary to Open Heart Surgery

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Long-term Ventricular Pacing in Treatment of Sinoatrial Block

Long-term Ventricular Pacing in Treatment of Sinoatrial Block

Investigation of Failure of Artificial Pacing

Perfusion in Britain: the early days

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