Total, dietary, and supplemental calcium intake and mortality from all-causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Asemi, Zatollah; Saneei, Parvane; Sabihi, Sima; Feizi, Adel; Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2015.03.008

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(140 reference statements)

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“…[45] In addition, intakes of magnesium and calcium have been reported to be inversely associated with the risk of mortality [46,47] and several diseases. [48,49] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of whole grains in relation to mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes

Zhang

Tan

et al. 2016

Medicine

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“…[45] In addition, intakes of magnesium and calcium have been reported to be inversely associated with the risk of mortality [46,47] and several diseases. [48,49] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of whole grains in relation to mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes

Zhang

Tan

et al. 2016

Medicine

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“…A U-shaped relationship was found in recent meta-analyses of calcium intake with mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer (65,66). Our results also suggest a possible U-shaped association between dietary calcium and lung cancer survival with an optimal intake around 1000 mg/d; intakes of <500 mg/d (especially among early-stage men) or >1800 mg/d (especially among early-stage women) were both associated with increased mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Prediagnostic Calcium Intake and Lung Cancer Survival: A Pooled Analysis of 12 Cohort Studies

Takata

Smith‐Warner

et al. 2017

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. Little is known about whether prediagnostic nutritional factors may affect survival. We examined the associations of prediagnostic calcium intake from foods and/or supplements with lung cancer survival. Methods The present analysis included 23,882 incident, primary lung cancer patients from 12 prospective cohort studies. Dietary calcium intake was assessed using food-frequency questionnaires at baseline in each cohort and standardized to caloric intake of 2000 kcal/d for women and 2500 kcal/d for men. Stratified, multivariable-adjusted Cox regression was applied to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The 5-year survival rates were 56%, 21%, and 5.7% for localized, regional, and distant stage lung cancer. Low prediagnostic dietary calcium intake (<500–600 mg/d, less than half of the recommendation), was associated with a small increase in risk of death compared with recommended calcium intakes (800–1200 mg/d); HR (95% CI) was 1.07 (1.01, 1.13) after adjusting for age, stage, histology, grade, smoking status, pack-years, and other potential prognostic factors. The association between low calcium intake and higher lung cancer mortality was evident primarily among localized/regional stage patients, with HR (95% CI) of 1.15 (1.04, 1.27). No association was found for supplemental calcium with survival in the multivariable-adjusted model. Conclusions This large pooled analysis is the first, to our knowledge, to indicate that low prediagnostic dietary calcium intake may be associated with poorer survival among early-stage lung cancer patients. Impact This multinational prospective study linked low calcium intake to lung cancer prognosis.

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“…For example, in a recent meta‐analysis, Asemi et al . reported an inverse association between long‐term dietary calcium intake and reduced CVD and cancer mortality . In addition, supplemental calcium intake was inversely associated with total mortality, but not cause‐specific .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Insufficient dietary intake of nutrients such as calcium and magnesium may be associated with increased risk of cancer, CVD, metabolic disease and total mortality . Second to calcium, magnesium is the most abundant divalent cation in the body and the nutrients can potentially antagonize each other in physiologic pathways, including skeletal muscle function .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity, dietary calcium to magnesium intake and mortality in the National Health and Examination Survey 1999–2006 cohort

Hibler

Zhu

Shrubsole

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Calcium and magnesium affect muscle mass and function. Magnesium and calcium are also important for optimal vitamin D status. Vitamin D status modifies the associations between physical activity and risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD mortality. However, no study examined whether levels of magnesium and calcium and the ratio of dietary calcium to magnesium (Ca:Mg) intake modify the relationship between physical activity and mortality. We included 20,295 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants (1999–2006) aged >20 years with complete dietary, physical activity and mortality data (2,663 deaths). We assessed physical activity based on public health guidelines and sex‐specific tertiles of MET‐minutes/week. We used Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounding factors and stratified by the intakes of magnesium, calcium, Ca:Mg ratio. We found higher physical activity was significantly associated with reduced risk of total mortality and cause‐specific mortality, regardless of Ca:Mg ratio, magnesium or calcium intake. In contrast, both moderate and high physical activity were significantly associated with substantially reduced risks of mortality due to cancer when magnesium intake was above the RDA level. We also found higher physical activity was significantly associated with a reduced risk of mortality due to cancer only when Ca:Mg ratios were between 1.7 and 2.6, although the interaction was not significant. Overall, dietary magnesium and, potentially, the Ca:Mg ratio modify the relationship between physical activity and cause‐specific mortality. Further study is important to understand the modifying effects of the balance between calcium and magnesium intake on physical activity for chronic disease prevention.

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Total, dietary, and supplemental calcium intake and mortality from all-causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Cited by 43 publications

References 56 publications

Consumption of whole grains in relation to mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes

Consumption of whole grains in relation to mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes

Prediagnostic Calcium Intake and Lung Cancer Survival: A Pooled Analysis of 12 Cohort Studies

Physical activity, dietary calcium to magnesium intake and mortality in the National Health and Examination Survey 1999–2006 cohort

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