Total Phenolic Contents, Antioxidant Activities Cytotoxicity of Three Centaurea Species: C. calcitrapa subsp. calcitrapa, C. ptosimopappa C. spicata

Abstract

Background: Many species of the genus Centaurea have been reported to be used in Anatolian folk medicine. In the present study, methanolic and aqueous extracts of three species of Centaurea L. (C. calcitrapa subsp. calcitrapa, C. ptosimopappa and C. spicata) have been assessed for antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Materials and Methods: Antioxidant activity was investigated by DPPH and superoxide anion scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation assays. Cytotoxic effect on HeLa and Vero cells were investigated by MTT assay. Results: Superoxide anion scavenging activities of aqueous extracts were higher than those of methanolic extracts, and the highest activity was detected in the aqueous extracts of C. calcitrapa subsp. calcitrapa with the IC 50 value of 25.91 µg/mL. The methanolic extract of C. ptosimopappa showed the strongest anti-lipid peroxidation activity. Total phenolic contents (mg gallic acid equivalent per gram) were ranged between 17.25 and 120.50 and the highest value was detected in aqueous extract of C. ptosimopappa. The highest cytotoxic activity was observed in the methanolic extract of C. calcitrapa subsp. calcitrapa on both cell lines with the IC 50 values of <100 µg/mL. Conclusions: According to the results of activity tests, the selected Centaurea species, especially C. calcitrapa subsp. calcitrapa can be regarded as a potential source of natural antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of diseases in which oxidants or free radicals are implicated.Key-words: Antioxidant activity; Centaurea; Cytotoxicity; Free radical scavenging.Key Messages: The selected Centaurea species showed an antioxidant activity and very low cytotoxic activity. Thus, Centaurea species might be a good candidate for further studies targeting the development of new antioxidants.

In vitro Antiproliferative Activity of Endemic Centaurea kilaea Boiss. against Human Tumor Cell Lines

“…In traditional medicine, C. species are used for fever, menstrual disorders, vaginal candidiasis, the treatment of liver, kidney and ulcer diseases, as antidiarrheal, stomachic, tonic, appetitive, antidiabetic, antipyretic, also as a diuretic and expectorant (6,7). Antiproliferative activity studies conducted on some Centaurea species in recent years have found that various extracts of these species significantly have antitumor activity (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). In this study, the different extracts and fractions of active extract from aerial parts of C.kilaea were tested for antiproliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines (Hela; cervix adenocarcinoma, MCF-7; breast adenocarcinoma, PC-3; prostate adenocarcinoma) using MTT assay.…”

Screening of Antioxidant Potentials and Bioactive Properties of the Extracts Obtained from Two Centaurea L. Species (C. kroumirensis Coss. and C. sicula L. subsp sicula)

“…The cytotoxic effect of Centaurea extracts was tested in the human fibroblast cell (HS-68) using MTT assay. This test was based on the reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide to a colored formazan product by mitochondrial dehydrogenase [28]. The rested doses of Centaurea ethanolic extracts were determined based on previous studies [26,29,30].…”

Volatile Compounds, Fatty Acid Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Centaurea albonitens and Centaurea balsamita Seeds Growing in Van, Turkey

“…In the Anatolian peninsula, the genus is represented by 190 species of more than 100 endemic species [5,6]. In Anatolia, different species are known as various common local names such as peygamber çiceği, zerdali dikeni, çoban kaldıran, timur dikeni, gökbaş, sarıbaş, acımık kötürüm, kotonkıran and boğa dikeni [7][8][9][10][11]. Many Centaurea species have traditionally been used for their antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, choleretic, digestive, gastric, diuretic, menstrual, astringent, hypotensive, antipyretic, cytotoxic and antibacterial properties.…”