Total saponins from Rubus parvifolius L. inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion of malignant melanoma in vitro and in vivo

Abstract

Background: Total saponins from Rubus parvifolius L. (TSRP) is the main bioactive fractions responsible for the antitumor activities. The work was aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of TSRP in malignant melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Methods and Results: Anti melanoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration effect of TSRP were detected in human malignant melanoma A375 cells under the indicated time and dosages. In vivo anti-tumor effect of TSRP was measured in A375 xenograft immunodeficient nude mice. Sixty A375 xenografts were randomly divided into five groups: Vehicle, cyclophosphamide (CTX, 20 mg/kg), TSRP (25 mg/kg), TSRP (50 mg/kg) and TSRP (100 mg/kg) groups for 14 days’ treatment. In addition, the melanoma cell metastasis in lung in vivo of TSRP was detected in A375 tail vein injection mice, and the histopathalogical analysis of the metastasis lung was detected by H & E stating. TSRP was significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, invasion and migration of A375 in vitro at the indicated time and dosages. TSRP treatment was effectively blocked the tumor growth in immunodeficient nude mice. In addition, TSRP was also significantly inhibited the melanoma metastasis of lung. Conclusion: This study indicated that the TSRP has a remarkable anti malignant melanoma effect, which mainly through the inhibition of the cell invasion,migration and tumor metastasis.

Fruit Qualities of Interspecific Hybrid and First Backcross Generations between Red Raspberry and Rubus parvifolius

“…Recently, R. parvifolius, which was used to develop IPI-1, has been attracting attention as one of the promising wild materials for breeding of raspberry in Asia. Polyphenols and saponins in the fruit of R. parvifolius have been shown to possess antimicrobial activity and an antitumor effect (Cao et al, 2021;Seleshe et al, 2017). Also, R. parvifolius has undergone genetic analysis using DNA markers as breeding material in Asia (Miyashita et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2018), and was used for identifying molecular markers associated with traits such as fruit size and chilling requirement by quantitative trait loci (Molina-Bravo et al, 2014).…”

Use of Saponinosomes from Ziziphus spina-christi as Anticancer Drug Carriers

“…Natural resources such as plants have long been considered as a source of chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive agents against cancer. − However, due to the increasing resistance of certain tumors and the severe side effects of conventional chemotherapy, new pharmacological molecules are needed. In recent decades, advances in cancer molecular biology have identified several biological compounds capable of inhibiting cancer cell growth with improved efficacy and selectivity. − Structural diversity and associated synergistic effects, high efficiency, availability, and excellent biocompatibility are the advantages of plants as medicinal resources. Traditional plants contain phytochemical compounds, which are mainly secondary metabolites used by plants to ensure their survival and fertility.…”

“…Nowadays, much attention has been paid to the antitumor effect of saponins, and several publications have appeared. − , Some possible reasons for the antitumor effect of saponins are the formation of pores in cell membranes and thus increased permeabilization, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis, and reduction of drug efflux . Although many studies have shown that saponins damage tumors rather than attack normal organs, their use as antitumor agents in clinical trials is a major obstacle because of their high organ toxicity .…”