Toughening of a carbon fibre reinforced epoxy anhydride composite using an epoxy terminated hyperbranched modifier

DeCarli, Marie; Kozielski, Karen; Tian, Wendy; Varley, Russell J.

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.05.003

Cited by 63 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As seen in this table, modifier increases fracture toughness. Based on the results shown in Table 3 and previous studies, it can be expected that composites made using rubber modified epoxy show improved interlaminar fracture toughness [9][10][11][12][13]. Fig.…”

Section: Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 82%

Use of rubber modification technique to improve fracture-resistance of hoop wound composites

et al. 2009

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Section: Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 82%

Use of rubber modification technique to improve fracture-resistance of hoop wound composites

et al. 2009

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“…Clearly, at intermediate concentrations the actual morphology will always be complex and a matter for debate as to the precise nature of the continuous matrix. Mezzenga et al [30] and DeCarli et al [31] have shown that when the modifier has a lower viscosity than the reacting matrix, as is the case for hyperbranched polymers, the viscosity shows an abrupt increase at low additive concentrations. Mezzenga et al reported that this was a result of an increase in rigidity because of the interfacial tension between the particles and the continuous phase.…”

Section: Phase Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction Kinetics and Phase Transformations During Cure of a Thermoplastic‐Modified Epoxy Thermoset

Varley

2007

Macro Materials & Eng

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A comprehensive thermal and rheological characterisation of a commercially important aerospace resin system modified with a thermoplastic toughener is presented here. The primary focus has been the understanding of how the cure kinetics and mechanism relate to other processes such as phase separation during cure. Differential scanning calorimetry has shown that thermoplastic modification does not affect the cure mechanism significantly and that the process was dominated by an autocatalytic process up to vitrification after which diffusion‐controlled processes dominate regardless of thermoplastic concentration. Thermoplastic addition at 10 wt.‐% PEI was found to increase the final cure conversion compared with the neat resin and inhibit the onset of diffusion control below a cure temperature of 160 °C. At 20 wt.‐% PEI concentration the final conversion and the onset of diffusion control were similar until 150 °C, after which they displayed lower values than the neat resin. Rheological analysis showed that the phase separation process could be followed conveniently through the changes in viscosity and exhibited effects consistent with expected variations in morphology. The 10 wt.‐% PEI system displayed abrupt increases in viscosities which were indicative of a dispersed particulate morphology, while the 20 wt.‐% PEI system displayed more complex behaviour consistent with a phase‐inverted or co‐continuous structure. The gelation process was shown to obey a power law model although the local environment or morphology of the reactive epoxide group at higher PEI concentrations was shown to affect the fit to the model.

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“…This enhancement in the mechanical properties was attributed to the reactive compatibilization effect of the HBP. Varley et al [19] have studied the toughening effect of an epoxy functionalized HBP in epoxies-anhydride resin systems [19][20][21]. With the addition of concentration ranging from 0-20 wt%, the HBP was found to increase the fracture toughness by twofold mainly due to improved interaction with the matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Toughening of brittle poly(lactide) with hyperbranched poly(ester-amide) and isocyanate-terminated prepolymer of polybutadiene

2012

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The use of polylactide (PLA) in durable applications is currently being hampered by its brittleness and low impact strength. In this study, the effects on mechanical properties of two potential toughening agents for PLA, i.e., hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched poly (ester amide) and isocyanate-terminated prepolymer of butadiene (ITPB), alone and in combination, are investigated with the aim of making tough PLA blends for use in durable non-food applications such as automotive interior. Synergistic effects in impact strength were observed in PLA ternary blends containing hyperbranched polymer (HBP) and ITPB. Impact strength of the PLA/HBP/ITPB ternary blend was improved by over 86 %, while the elongation at break was increased by over 100 %. Physical and chemical interactions between the hydroxyl-terminated HBP and the ITPB may be responsible for the observed synergistic effect and improvements in impact strength. Tensile, flexural, thermal, and thermo-mechanical properties of the PLA/HBP blends with varying amounts of the ITPB were studied. Scanning electron microscopy images showed evidence of stretched polymer which may indicate that the fracture behavior of PLA changed from brittle to ductile in the PLA/HBP/ITPB ternary blends.

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Toughening of a carbon fibre reinforced epoxy anhydride composite using an epoxy terminated hyperbranched modifier

Cited by 63 publications

References 30 publications

Use of rubber modification technique to improve fracture-resistance of hoop wound composites

Use of rubber modification technique to improve fracture-resistance of hoop wound composites

Reaction Kinetics and Phase Transformations During Cure of a Thermoplastic‐Modified Epoxy Thermoset

Toughening of brittle poly(lactide) with hyperbranched poly(ester-amide) and isocyanate-terminated prepolymer of polybutadiene

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