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The Mater-University of Queensland Study involves the follow-up of 8556 pregnant women who were enrolled at their first clinic visit. This analysis compares four groups of women categorized according to their own and their partners' employment status. Group 1 comprised women unemployed, partners not unemployed. Group 2 comprised women not unemployed with unemployed partners. Group 3 comprised women and partners who were both unemployed. In group 4 neither partner was unemployed. Initial analysis showed that there was a significant association between birthweight and birthweight for gestational age, and unemployment as reported by mothers. After adjustment for lifestyle variables (principally smoking) there were no remaining statistically significant associations.The association between unemployment (in men) and lifestyle, mental and physical health has been reviewed by Kerr (1983) and Schwefel (1986), but there have been few reports regarding unemployment amongst women and more specifically the effect of unemployment on pregnant women and possible consequences for reproductive outcome. Such research is needed, in part, because of the recent increase in female unemployment. Between 1970 and 1986 there was a 15% increase in numbers of males employed and a 55% increase in numbers of females employed in Australia (Fisher 1987). The female unemployment rate in Australia has been higher than the male unemployment rate in 15 of the last 17 years, and according to Fisher (1987) in 1986 unemployed females comprised 42% of the total unemployed and 39% of the employed workforce.The purpose of this study was to determine whether (i) unemployment of the pregnant woman affected pregnancy outcomes, (ii) unemployment of the pregnant woman's partner affected pregnancy outcomes, (iii) unemployment of both partners affected pregnancy out-comes, (iv) whether related factors, e.g. age, parity, smoking, etc. were intervening or con-founding variables in any apparent association of the above events. Subjects and methodsThis paper reports data from the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy (MUSP). It follows up a cohort of pregnant women enrolled and interviewed at their first clinic visit and for whom data on pregnancy outcomes were available from the hospital records.Details of sampling, questionnaire design, response rates, etc. have been reported by Keeping et al. (1989). For this analysis demographic and lifestyle data were taken from the questionnaire administered at the first clinic visit and details of the birth were abstracted from the medical record completed by hospital staff. Staff completing this record were effectively 'blind' to the unemployment status of the respondent.Employment status was determined on the basis of two precoded questions answered by the respondent. Unemployment status was determined by a respondent's subjective judgement that she or her partner or both were so categorized. While there is some debate about whether persons not in receipt of unemployment benefits are, in a strict sens...
The Mater-University of Queensland Study involves the follow-up of 8556 pregnant women who were enrolled at their first clinic visit. This analysis compares four groups of women categorized according to their own and their partners' employment status. Group 1 comprised women unemployed, partners not unemployed. Group 2 comprised women not unemployed with unemployed partners. Group 3 comprised women and partners who were both unemployed. In group 4 neither partner was unemployed. Initial analysis showed that there was a significant association between birthweight and birthweight for gestational age, and unemployment as reported by mothers. After adjustment for lifestyle variables (principally smoking) there were no remaining statistically significant associations.The association between unemployment (in men) and lifestyle, mental and physical health has been reviewed by Kerr (1983) and Schwefel (1986), but there have been few reports regarding unemployment amongst women and more specifically the effect of unemployment on pregnant women and possible consequences for reproductive outcome. Such research is needed, in part, because of the recent increase in female unemployment. Between 1970 and 1986 there was a 15% increase in numbers of males employed and a 55% increase in numbers of females employed in Australia (Fisher 1987). The female unemployment rate in Australia has been higher than the male unemployment rate in 15 of the last 17 years, and according to Fisher (1987) in 1986 unemployed females comprised 42% of the total unemployed and 39% of the employed workforce.The purpose of this study was to determine whether (i) unemployment of the pregnant woman affected pregnancy outcomes, (ii) unemployment of the pregnant woman's partner affected pregnancy outcomes, (iii) unemployment of both partners affected pregnancy out-comes, (iv) whether related factors, e.g. age, parity, smoking, etc. were intervening or con-founding variables in any apparent association of the above events. Subjects and methodsThis paper reports data from the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy (MUSP). It follows up a cohort of pregnant women enrolled and interviewed at their first clinic visit and for whom data on pregnancy outcomes were available from the hospital records.Details of sampling, questionnaire design, response rates, etc. have been reported by Keeping et al. (1989). For this analysis demographic and lifestyle data were taken from the questionnaire administered at the first clinic visit and details of the birth were abstracted from the medical record completed by hospital staff. Staff completing this record were effectively 'blind' to the unemployment status of the respondent.Employment status was determined on the basis of two precoded questions answered by the respondent. Unemployment status was determined by a respondent's subjective judgement that she or her partner or both were so categorized. While there is some debate about whether persons not in receipt of unemployment benefits are, in a strict sens...
Cet article porte sur le processus de transition professionnelle comme moyen de donner un sens à sa vie. La question de l’actualisation de soi, et particulièrement le concept d’individuation, seront examinés en regard du choix de l’enseignement comme seconde carrière. L’article présentera les résultats d’une recherche qualitative effectuée auprès de huit professionnels en transition ayant complété un programme de formation à l’enseignement à l’élémentaire dans la province de l’Ontario, au Canada. Les entretiens de recherche ont permis aux participants d’identifier comment la profession enseignante contribuait à donner un sens à leur vie. Une synthèse de l’analyse des données sera présentée et des pistes de réflexion pour l’établissement de dispositifs de soutien à l’insertion professionnelle des enseignants en seconde carrière seront également proposées.
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