Toward a tenure-responsive approach to forest landscape restoration: A proposed tenure diagnostic for assessing restoration opportunities

McLain, Rebecca J.; Lawry, Steven; Guariguata, Manuel R.; Reed, J. Michael

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.11.053

Cited by 77 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, tenure relations in forest landscapes are more nuanced than the relationship between ownership, rights, and investments. Tenure security provides stakeholders with an incentive to invest in land management such as restoration (McLain, Lawry, Guariguata, & Reed, ). Formality and tenure security, however, are not equivalent.…”

Section: Integration Lessons For Flr From Related Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Choices about land use are made in the landscape by different stakeholders with divergent priorities and facing different constraints (McLain et al, ). Landscape interventions need to take these choices into consideration and understand the diverse motivations driving them (Mansourian, ), which may help to reconcile trade‐offs for FLR by working across stakeholder groups to reach common agreement.…”

Section: Integration Lessons For Flr From Related Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Putting the pieces together: Integration for forest landscape restoration implementation

et al. 2019

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The concept of forest landscape restoration (FLR) is being widely adopted around the globe by governmental, non‐governmental agencies, and the private sector, all of whom see FLR as an approach that contributes to multiple global sustainability goals. Originally, FLR was designed with a clearly integrative dimension across sectors, stakeholders, space and time, and in particular across the natural and social sciences. Yet, in practice, this integration remains a challenge in many FLR efforts. Reflecting this lack of integration are the continued narrow sectoral and disciplinary approaches taken by forest restoration projects, often leading to marginalisation of the most vulnerable populations, including through land dispossessions. This article aims to assess what lessons can be learned from other associated fields of practice for FLR implementation. To do this, 35 scientists came together to review the key literature on these concepts to suggest relevant lessons and guidance for FLR. We explored the following large‐scale land use frameworks or approaches: land sparing/land sharing, the landscape approach, agroecology, and socio‐ecological systems. Also, to explore enabling conditions to promote integrated decision making, we reviewed the literature on understanding stakeholders and their motivations, tenure and property rights, polycentric governance, and integration of traditional and Western knowledge. We propose lessons and guidance for practitioners and policymakers on ways to improve integration in FLR planning and implementation. Our findings highlight the need for a change in decision‐making processes for FLR, better understanding of stakeholder motivations and objectives for FLR, and balancing planning with flexibility to enhance social–ecological resilience.

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Section: Integration Lessons For Flr From Related Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Integration Lessons For Flr From Related Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putting the pieces together: Integration for forest landscape restoration implementation

et al. 2019

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“…The establishment of fences clearly has constituted an incentive to tree planting and management by increasing land tenure security and contributing to its formalization (in the case of partnership with tiipaalga, the 'contract' with the association lasts at least seven years). Across forest restoration projects in Burkina Faso and other countries, land tenure security is definitely emerging as a critical factor for their successful implementation together with clear legal frameworks that recognize usufruct rights for households on restored lands [35,[38][39][40][41]. Similarly, a survey on fruit tree planting practices in Nigeria and Cameroon revealed that the most influencing factors in tree planting decisions were land tenure security, access to markets, and access to forest resources [42].…”

Section: Factors Influencing Planted Tree Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

How Diverse is Tree Planting in the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso? Comparing Small-Scale Restoration with Other Planting Initiatives

Valette

Vinceti

Traoré³

et al. 2019

Forests

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In the Sahelian region, different approaches are being used to halt environmental degradation and restore tree cover, with varying degrees of success. Initiatives vary according to projects’ objectives, type of land to restore, and technical practices used (natural regeneration, farmer-managed assisted regeneration, enrichment planting, etc.). This study investigates tree planting choices and selection of tree seed sources in some villages of the Central region of Burkina Faso. The study targeted 96 farmers and compared planting practices adopted by farmers involved in small-scale forest restoration using fences, with those not involved in this initiative. The objective was to understand what portfolio of tree species were planted, what factors influenced tree species selection, what tree seed sources were used, what collection practices were generally adopted, and whether there were significant differences between types of farmers. The results showed that the use of fencing to promote forest restoration support the planting of a more diverse portfolio of tree species than other small scale efforts and includes a greater representation of indigenous trees. Fenced plots have therefore a conservation value in landscapes where the diversity of tree species is progressively declining. In addition to the use of fences, some other key factors affect tree planting, mainly land tenure, availability of diverse tree seed sources, and availability of land. Farmers tend to collect directly most of the planting material they need, but in the majority of cases they do not follow recommended best practices. In light of the ambitious forest restoration targets of Burkina Faso and the need to provide diverse options to rural communities to enhance their resilience vis-à-vis increasing environmental challenges, strengthening the capacity of farmers in tree planting and establishing a robust tree seed systems are crucial targets.

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“…Land tenure issues: All of the landscapes were colonized centuries ago, during a time when documentation to prove land tenure was incomparable to that required currently. Thus, in many cases, absence of land tenure documents restricted landowner participation, as has been observed in other PES and FLR projects [38]. Collecting and processing the long list of land tenure and personal documents required for participation in the project took time.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lessons Learned from the Water Producer Project in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Viani

Bracale²,

Taffarello

2019

Forests

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Forest and landscape restoration (FLR) is a powerful strategy for large-scale tropical forest recovery, and payment for ecosystem services (PES) is used to support FLR programs and projects on privately-owned land. In this article, we discuss the lessons learned from the Water Producer Project, a pioneer, multiple-stakeholder, and PES-supported FLR project in the Atlantic Forest, south-eastern Brazil. The project was implemented in four landscapes located in two municipalities. Altogether, 41 PES contracts with landowners were signed, resulting in various FLR practices being implemented in a total of 342.4 ha (64.2 ha for riparian forest restoration, 90.8 ha for soil conservation, and 187.4 for forest conservation) of land, which represents 39% of the project goal. As of the end of the project, only 50% (USD 49,250) of the available PES funds had been spent. However, funds spent on project planning, implementation, communication, and monitoring were 12 times greater than those spent on PES. Several challenges restricted the progress and monitoring of the project. The main issue was landowner participation and/or engagement. In terms of lessons learned, we highlight that PES schemes are more complex than initially thought, and that sufficient funding does not guarantee the success of FLR projects. It is essential to promote landowner participation and engagement by considering them key players in FLR projects. Finally, acceptance from landowners was higher and implementation was easier for forest conservation practices that required no land-use changes. Thus, we suggest that similar future projects should focus on targeting private properties in marginal agricultural lands with a high probability of natural regeneration. Alternatively, future projects could focus on lands with remnant forest cover of high conservation value.

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Toward a tenure-responsive approach to forest landscape restoration: A proposed tenure diagnostic for assessing restoration opportunities

Cited by 77 publications

References 52 publications

Putting the pieces together: Integration for forest landscape restoration implementation

Putting the pieces together: Integration for forest landscape restoration implementation

How Diverse is Tree Planting in the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso? Comparing Small-Scale Restoration with Other Planting Initiatives

Lessons Learned from the Water Producer Project in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

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