Toward an Integrated Understanding of Retrograde Control of Photosynthesis

Dietz, Karl‐Josef; Wesemann, Corinna; Wegener, Melanie; Seidel, Thorsten

doi:10.1089/ars.2018.7519

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…ROS are known to participate in retrograde signaling, acclimation to biotic or abiotic stresses, programmed cell death (PCD) and many other processes (for recent reviews, see [9][10][11][401][402][403][404][405][406][407]). Here, we aim to briefly summarize what is known (and what is not) about how chloroplast-derived ROS are sensed and how the signaling cascades are initiated.…”

Section: Ros Produced By Plant Chloroplasts Function As Signaling Molmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen and ROS in Photosynthesis

Khorobrykh

Havurinne

Mattila

et al. 2020

Plants

202

133

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Oxygen is a natural acceptor of electrons in the respiratory pathway of aerobic organisms and in many other biochemical reactions. Aerobic metabolism is always associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS may damage biomolecules but are also involved in regulatory functions of photosynthetic organisms. This review presents the main properties of ROS, the formation of ROS in the photosynthetic electron transport chain and in the stroma of chloroplasts, and ROS scavenging systems of thylakoid membrane and stroma. Effects of ROS on the photosynthetic apparatus and their roles in redox signaling are discussed.

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Section: Ros Produced By Plant Chloroplasts Function As Signaling Molmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen and ROS in Photosynthesis

Khorobrykh

Havurinne

Mattila

et al. 2020

Plants

202

133

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“…Although high levels of ROS could induce premature cell death and hence are detrimental for efficient remobilization of nutrients from the senescing leaves to other still growing leaves and to seeds (Juvany et al ), ROS are also required as signals for induction of stress responses, development and senescence (Apel and Hirt , Li et al , Foyer and Noctor , Dietz et al ). Different ROS, such as 1 O 2 and O 2 •‐ /H 2 O 2 , induce different signaling cascades.…”

Section: Retrograde Signaling In the Control Of Senescencementioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of photosynthesis on initiation of leaf senescence

Krieger‐Liszkay

Krupinska

Shimakawa

2019

Physiologia Plantarum

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Senescence is the last stage of leaf development preceding the death of the organ, and it is important for nutrient remobilization and for feeding sink tissues. There are many reports on leaf senescence, but the mechanisms initiating leaf senescence are still poorly understood. Leaf senescence is affected by many environmental factors and seems to vary in different species and even varieties of plants, which makes it difficult to generalize the mechanism. Here, we give an overview on studies reporting about alterations in the composition of the photosynthetic electron transport chain in chloroplasts during senescence. We hypothesize that alternative electron flow and related generation of the proton motive force required for ATP synthesis become increasingly important during progression of senescence. We address the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in chloroplasts in the initiation of senescence, retrograde signaling from the chloroplast to the nucleus and ROS‐dependent signaling associated with leaf senescence. Finally, a few ideas for increasing crop yields by increasing the chloroplast lifespan are presented.

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“…This provides a rather precise number for the rate of export of sugar phosphates, particularly of triosephosphates or hexoses, from the chloroplast. As previously estimated, the entirety of the chloroplasts of a mesophyll cell exposes a surface area similar to that of the plasma membrane in Arabidopsis [7]. For this estimation, the shape of a chloroplast was taken as an ellipsoid with the dimensions of 8 × 4 × 4 µm 3 , which has a surface area of 86 µm 2 per chloroplast.…”

Section: The Central Role Of Chloroplasts In Photosynthesizing Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast-associated molecular patterns as concept for fine-tuned operational retrograde signalling

Ünal

García‐Caparrós

Kumar

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Chloroplasts compose about one-quarter of the mesophyll cell volume and contain about 60% of the cell protein. Photosynthetic carbon assimilation is the dominating metabolism in illuminated leaves. To optimize the resource expenditure in these costly organelles and to control and adjust chloroplast metabolism, an intensive transfer of information between nucleus–cytoplasm and chloroplasts occurs in both directions as anterograde and retrograde signalling. Recent research identified multiple retrograde pathways that use metabolite transfer and include reaction products of lipids and carotenoids with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Other pathways use metabolites of carbon, sulfur and nitrogen metabolism, low molecular weight antioxidants and hormone precursors to carry information between the cell compartments. This review focuses on redox- and ROS-related retrograde signalling pathways. In analogy to the microbe-associated molecular pattern, we propose the term ‘chloroplast-associated molecular pattern' which connects chloroplast performance to extrachloroplast processes such as nuclear gene transcription, posttranscriptional processing, including translation, and RNA and protein fate. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Retrograde signalling from endosymbiotic organelles'.

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Toward an Integrated Understanding of Retrograde Control of Photosynthesis

Abstract: Redundancy of signal transduction elements, parallelisms of pathways, and conditionally alternative mechanisms generate a robust network and system that only tentatively can be assessed by use of single-site mutants. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.

Cited by 21 publications

References 179 publications

Oxygen and ROS in Photosynthesis

Oxygen and ROS in Photosynthesis

The impact of photosynthesis on initiation of leaf senescence

Chloroplast-associated molecular patterns as concept for fine-tuned operational retrograde signalling

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