Toward Constructive Relay-Based Cooperative Routing in MANETs

Abstract

Abstract-Frequent link breaks (due to node mobility) and quick exhaustion of energy (due to limited battery volume) are two major problems impacting on the flexibility in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). Cooperative communication in MANETs has become an appealing topic, as it can improve system capacity and energy efficiency. In spite of such advantages of cooperative communication, some issues still remain such as the lack of a systematically designed cooperative routing scheme (including route discovery, route reply, route enhancement and cooperative data forwarding), facilitation of cooperative communication in mobility resistance, and route selection (jointly considering energy consumption, energy harvesting ability and link break probability). Driven by the above concerns, we propose a novel Constructive Relay based CooPerative Routing (CRCPR) protocol in this article. Using topological information stored and maintained in a COoPerative (COP) Table and Relay Table, CRCPR enhances resilience to mitigate the mobility issue by self-managing to construct adequate relays for data forwarding. Furthermore, assuming nodes are mostly battery-operated, CR-CPR proposes a new route selection mechanism which takes into account energy consumption, energy harvesting and link break probability, to determine an appropriate route across a network. Simulation results show the robustness of CRCPR against node mobility, further with improvement for up to 60% network throughput and 40% prolonged network lifetime.

An adaptive multi-hop routing with IoT abstraction for minimizing delay-node capacity trade-offs in mobile ad-hoc network

“…SynFAnt leverages network outcome estimated in terms of packet delivery ratio, delay, and packet acceptance rate and network throughput. Bai et al [19] introduced constructive relay-based cooperative routing (C.R.C.P.R.) for levitating profitable outcome of MANETs.This relay based routing is designed to mitigate the drawbacks caused due to varying node mobility.…”

On Modeling Optimizations and Enhancing Routing Protocols for Wireless Multihop Networks

“…Cooperative communication is appealing because of its flexibility in MANETs. A constructive relay based protocol is proposed by using the topological information and maintaining two types of tables (relay table and cooperative table) [43]. Two types of routing problems: frequent link breakage and quick energy exhaustion are also taken into consideration.…”

Route Selection Based on Connectivity-Delay-Trust in Public Safety Networks

“…The use of D2D relays as a disaster relief solution and their network performance were studied in [9]. In [10], a systematic cooperative routing scheme named CRCPR was proposed to provide greater robustness against node mobility-induced link breaks. Meanwhile, geographical constraints [11] and some task properties such as rescue missions inside houses on fire could make the group communications exhibit clustering behavior.…”

“…where C denotes the indices of all clusters. According to (10), the number of UEs and their transmission requests within a cluster will affect the amount of interference to other links; consequently, it will affect the connection probability given by (11). Meanwhile, the request to transmit a message will be queued if the resource blocks are not immediately available.…”