Toward new technologies for the production of lithium

Sadoway, Donald R.

doi:10.1007/s11837-998-0027-x

Cited by 53 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…are known to occur in quantities sufficient for commercial interest as well industrial importance [63][64][65][66]. The spodumen (LiAlSi 2 O 6 ) mineral is the most significant industrial lithium ore mineral.…”

Section: Lithium Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Recovery from Brines Including Seawater, Salt Lake Brine, Underground Water and Geothermal Water

Samadiy¹,

Yu²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Thermodynamics and Energy Engineering

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Demand to lithium rising swiftly as increasing due to its diverse applications such as rechargeable batteries, light aircraft alloys, air purification, medicine and nuclear fusion. Lithium demand is expected to triple by 2025 through the use of batteries, particularly electric vehicles. The lithium market is expected to grow from 184,000 TPA of lithium carbonate to 534,000 TPA by 2025. To ensure the growing consumption of lithium, it is necessary to increase the production of lithium from different resources. Natural lithium resources mainly associate within granite pegmatite type deposit (spodumene and petalite ores), salt lake brines, seawater and geothermal water. Among them, the reserves of lithium resource in salt lake brine, seawater and geothermal water are in 70-80% of the total, which are excellent raw materials for lithium extraction. Compared with the minerals, the extraction of lithium from water resources is promising because this aqueous lithium recovery is more abundant, more environmentally friendly and cost-effective.

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Section: Lithium Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Recovery from Brines Including Seawater, Salt Lake Brine, Underground Water and Geothermal Water

Samadiy¹,

Yu²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Thermodynamics and Energy Engineering

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“…To date, MOE for ironmaking is a laboratory-proven extraction technology ( Fig. 1) [12,16,17], and is foreseen as scalable considering its analogies with molten salt electrolysis, which is used to produce several millions of tonnes of metals such as Al [18,19], Mg [20,21], Li [22,23], Mn [24,25] and rare earth metals [26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation and electrical properties of chromium-iron binary alloys in a corrosive molten electrolyte environment

Esmaily¹,

Mortazavi²,

Birbilis³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Chromium-iron (CrFe) binary alloys have recently been proposed to serve as the ʺinertʺ anode for molten oxide electrolysis (MOE). Herein, the effects of anodic polarization on physical and functional properties of CrFe anodes in the corrosive environment of MOE are studied via empirical observations and theoretical calculations. The findings indicate that the alloys form an inner chromia-alumina solid-solution covered by an MgCr2O4 spinel layer. A survey into the electrical properties of the detected oxides suggests that the layered oxide scale function as an efficient conductor of electricity at elevated temperature. The formation mechanism of the oxides is also investigated.

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“…[7] Liue tal. [11] Li metal is highly reactive and difficult to handle, so it has to be stored and transported with high protection costs. For this method, 20 min of prelithiation loaded approximately 50 %o ft he full capacity into the Si nanowires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Li metal is expensive and is produced currently by electrolysis in molten salts at elevated temperatures, whichi s environmentally unfriendly. [11] Li metal is highly reactive and difficult to handle, so it has to be stored and transported with high protection costs. In other words, as ignificant saving and safety improvement can, in principle, be achieved if the prelithiationprocessc an operate without using Li metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Li‐Metal‐Free Prelithiation of Si‐Based Negative Electrodes for Full Li‐Ion Batteries

2015

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Most of the high-capacity positive-electrode materials [for example, S, O2 (air), and MOx (M: V, Mn, Fe, etc.)] are Li-deficient and require the use of a Li-metal electrode or prelithiation. Herein, we report a novel electrolytic cell in which the Si electrode can be prelithiated in a well-controlled manner from Li-containing aqueous solution in a Li-metal-free way. MnOx/Si and S/Si Li-ion full cells were assembled by using the prelithiated Si negative electrodes, which resulted in high specific energies of 349 and 732 Wh kg(-1), respectively. The MnOx/Si full cell still retains 138 Wh kg(-1) even at a high specific power of 1710 W kg(-1). This is the first report of a whole process of making a full Li-ion battery with both Li-deficient electrodes without the use of Li metal as the Li source. This novel prelithiation process, with high controllability, no short circuiting, and an abundant Li source, is expected to contribute significantly to the development of safe, green, and powerful Li-ion batteries.

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Toward new technologies for the production of lithium

Cited by 53 publications

References 10 publications

Lithium Recovery from Brines Including Seawater, Salt Lake Brine, Underground Water and Geothermal Water

Lithium Recovery from Brines Including Seawater, Salt Lake Brine, Underground Water and Geothermal Water

Oxidation and electrical properties of chromium-iron binary alloys in a corrosive molten electrolyte environment

Li‐Metal‐Free Prelithiation of Si‐Based Negative Electrodes for Full Li‐Ion Batteries

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