Toward single pilot operations

Lachter, Joel; Brandt, Summer L.; Battiste, Vernol; Ligda, Sarah V.; Matessa, Michael; Johnson, Walter W.

doi:10.1145/2669592.2669685

Cited by 33 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The new design approach manages off-nominal situations and emergencies comparable to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) ConOps (Johnson et al 2012;Lachter et al 2017). In the latter one, dedicated support would be assigned to the single-pilot aircraft in high-workload and urgent situations among which are adverse physiological states, suspicious entries into aircraft systems, incapacitation and loss of control (Brandt et al 2015;Dao et al 2015;Lachter et al 2014;Ligda et al 2015). It was suggested combining an autoland procedure with new automation technology to enable a safe automated landing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A future airliner’s reduced-crew: modelling pilot incapacitation and homicide-suicide with systems theory

Schmid

Stanton

2019

Hum.-Intell. Syst. Integr.

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One main hurdle towards commercial airliners' Reduced-Crew Operations (RCO) is how to encounter pilot incapacitation. The aim of this modelling study is to evaluate the potential effects of a single-pilot's incapacitation on a future design approach to RCO. Most solutions propose a ground support of the pilot by a remote operator whom control should be handed over in case of an emergency. Both incapacitation and homicide-suicide have been discussed in the literature but neither of these events have been modelled nor evaluated empirically. We introduce a future operational design concept for RCO which includes a remotecopilot as ground support and automation tools monitoring pilot's health and entries into aircraft systems. The hazard analysis technique System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) was used to model and analyse scenarios of incapacitation/homicidesuicide. A hierarchical control structure showed how RCO can be embedded into commercial aviation. The STPA of pilot incapacitation and two scenarios of pilot homicide-suicide showed how unsafe control actions leading to an incident or accident after incapacitation/homicide-suicide could be prevented. The possible detection and takeover of control by the ground support in the case of incapacitation raised the question for detailed procedures on how to react to its detection. Either an autoland by the remote-copilot or by an affiliated system is possible. An additional breakup of data-link may only be solved by an automatic landing system on-board.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A future airliner’s reduced-crew: modelling pilot incapacitation and homicide-suicide with systems theory

Schmid

Stanton

2019

Hum.-Intell. Syst. Integr.

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“…This is because a non-verbal message can be a regulator, which is used to control, maintain or discourage interaction [55], for example, by holding up a hand to discourage communication. There is also a common preference for face-to-face communication among pilots, perhaps instilled from traditional training methods, as demonstrated in a study that examined crew interaction on physically separated pilots [56]. They observed some confusion from pilots not being able to point or exchange paper (e.g., charts), although, most importantly, this did not appear to interfere with the quality of decision making.…”

Section: Workloadmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Collaborative Virtual Reality Flight Simulator: Efficacy, Challenges and Potential

Cross,

Boag-Hodgson

2024

Preprint

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“…This SiPO concept was promoted in a number of simulation studies undertaken by NASA [47,61]. The 1:1 remote pilot configuration was evaluated in simulated in-flight diversion and emergency scenarios in the NASA SPO II trials [62]. These trials also involved several prototype collaboration tools to enhance pilot/ground-station communication and coordination.…”

Section: High Level System Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-pilot airline operations: Designing the aircraft may be the easy part

Harris

2023

Aeronaut. j.

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For financial and operational reasons many aircraft manufacturers are working on the development of single-pilot commercial aircraft. It is suggested that cargo operations may commence in the early 2030s followed by passenger flights later that decade. Two technological approaches for the development of single-pilot airliners are being developed either based upon extant technology and operating concepts derived from uninhabited aviation systems and military aircraft, or alternatively based upon high levels of onboard autonomy/automation. This review considers the economic, technological, regulatory (safety) and societal acceptance of the single-pilot airliner, and examines some of the operational challenges that airlines may face. It is suggested that while the technological and safety challenges may be resolved, it is the operational challenges that may determine if the concept is ultimately viable.

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Toward single pilot operations

Cited by 33 publications

References 3 publications

A future airliner’s reduced-crew: modelling pilot incapacitation and homicide-suicide with systems theory

A future airliner’s reduced-crew: modelling pilot incapacitation and homicide-suicide with systems theory

A Collaborative Virtual Reality Flight Simulator: Efficacy, Challenges and Potential

Single-pilot airline operations: Designing the aircraft may be the easy part

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