There is evidence of "ICT4D 3.0": a new "digital-for-development" paradigm emerging in the relationship between digital technologies and international development.Part 1 of this paper looked at the component parts of that paradigm. Part 2, provided here, analyses the impact of the paradigm on development. It does this by looking for big-picture patterns in terms of two key logics that shape society: the logic of competition and the logic of cooperation. Looking at evidence in the economic and political domains, it finds that digital technologies are associated with a reproduction, diffusion, mutation and intensification of the dominant, competitive logic in developing countries. We see this in relation to capitalism, competitive markets and hierarchical state-citizen relations. At the same time, though, the digital-for-development paradigm is also associated with growing examples and opportunities for an alternative economics and an alternative politics based around cooperative logic. The paper ends with some suggestions for the future digital-for-development research agenda.ICT4D, digital-for-development, paradigm, trends, logics
| INTRODUCTIONAs argued in Part 1 of this two-part paper, there is evidence of a new relationship between digital technologies and international development. It was suggested this might be called a "digital-for-development" paradigm, which could be understood through the framework shown in Figure 1.Part 1 laid out the components of that emerging paradigm: what were called its "foundations" and "building blocks." In this part of the paper, I look at the impact and implications of the paradigm; particularly seeking to understand some of its big-picture patterns in relation to two fundamental guiding forces for human society: competitive logic and cooperative logic.First, this paper briefly explains these two logics as the basis for viewing the impact of a digital-for-development paradigm. The main weight of the paper is then given to looking at evidence for five patterns of relation between the two logics: seen first in evidence from the digital economy and second in evidence about the intersection between digital technologies and politics in developing countries. The paper ends with a short conclusion and reflection on elements of a digital-for-development research agenda.
| IMPACT OF THE DIGITAL-FOR-DEVELOPMENT PARADIGMThe impact of digital information and communication technologies (ICTs) on international development can be considered at the micro-level of the individual. There is, for example, an ongoing stream of evidence conceptualising this through one or more of three lenses (Heeks, 2014):• Economic: development as accumulation of financial capital.