Towards a fully integrated, wirelessly powered, and ordinarily equipped on-lens system for successive dry eye syndrome diagnosis

Chiou, Jin Chern; Hsu, Shun-Hsi; Huang, Yu‐Chieh; Yeh, Guan-Ting; Dai, Kai-Shiun; Kuei, Cheng-Kai

doi:10.23919/vlsit.2017.7998210

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Power can be harvested or earned from various sources, such as radiofrequency (RF) waves for sensing functions in smart CLs, which require a maximum power of 110 μW cm –2 , biomedical energy, which has a maximum power of 2.4 μW cm –2 , and solar energy, which has a maximum power of 1.24 μW cm –2 . The energy consumption of smart CLs in previous studies for specific applications, such as intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring, glucose sensing, and tear content monitoring, ranged from 0.27 nW to 1.4 mW, depending on the structure and function of the controller chip. Recently, research has been conducted on eye tracking, IOP monitoring, glucose sensing, and ERG measurements based on PMMA-CL applications.…”

Section: Current State Of E-cls Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Vision: A Review of Electronic Contact Lenses Technology

et al. 2023

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The field of vision correction is constantly evolving to meet the increasing demand for more advanced and personalized solutions. Electronic contact lenses (e-CLs) are a new and emerging technology that has the potential to revolutionize this field and change the way we see and interact with the world. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of e-CL technology, including the current state of the technology, the different types of e-CLs that exist, and their benefits and limitations. It also discusses recent advancements and innovations in e-CL technology, as well as the various applications of e-CLs in healthcare, sports, and entertainment. Safety and ethical considerations surrounding the use of e-CLs are also addressed. Additionally, the Review offers an outlook on the future of e-CL technology and explores how these devices may change the way we interact with technology and the world around us. Overall, this Review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of e-CL technology and its potential impact on the field of vision correction.

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Section: Current State Of E-cls Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Vision: A Review of Electronic Contact Lenses Technology

et al. 2023

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“…SCLs have shown significant advantages in recent years, as they can noninvasively and continuously sample the tear fluid, analyze various dry eye biomarkers, and transmit data for remote analysis [ 63 ]. Chiou et al [ 45 ] designed a SCL sensor system to continuously evaluate tear evaporation. The SCL system consisted of an adjustable sensitivity sensor readout circuit, a tear sensor, and an antenna and was embedded in biocompatible hydrogel contact lenses through a commercial manufacturing process.…”

Section: Application Of Hydrogels In the Diagnosis Of Dry Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Still, they are highly adjustable, based on inexpensive materials, and environmentally robust, suggesting that they are favorable substances for treating ocular disease. Moreover, we can implant these biosensors into hydrogel contact lenses (CLs) to continuously monitor the tear status [ 45 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Hydrogels for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dry Eye Disease

Cao

Wang

2022

Gels

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Dry eye disease (DED) is the most common clinical ocular surface disease. Given its multifactorial etiology, no consensus has been reached on the diagnosis criteria for dry eye disease. Topical drug administration remains the mainstay of treatment but is limited to the rapid clearance from the eye surface. To address these problems, hydrogel-based materials were designed to detect biomarkers or act as drug delivery systems by taking advantage of their good biocompatibility, excellent physical and mechanical properties, and long-term implant stability. Biosensors prepared using biocompatible hydrogels can be sensitive in diagnosing DED, and the designed hydrogels can also improve the drug bioavailability and retention time for more effective and long-term treatment. This review summarizes recent advances in the use of hydrogels for diagnosing and treating dry eye, aiming to provide a novel reference for the eventual clinical translation of hydrogels in the context of dry eye disease.

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“…The power consumption of smart contact lenses typically varies between 0.27 nW and 1.4 mW, depending on the function and structure of the controller chip, as shown in Table IV [51], [63], [70], [96], [97]. This energy consumption is for the whole system rather than only the driver chip.…”

Section: Driver Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-Art in Smart Contact Lenses for Human Machine Interaction

Xia¹,

Khamis²,

Fernández³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Contact lenses have traditionally been used for vision correction applications. Recent advances in microelectronics and nanofabrication on flexible substrates have now enabled sensors, circuits and other essential components to be integrated on a small contact lens platform. This has opened up the possibility of using contact lenses for a range of human-machine interaction applications including vision assistance, eye tracking, displays and health care. In this article, we systematically review the range of smart contact lens materials, device architectures and components that facilitate this interaction for different applications. In fact, evidence from our systematic review demonstrates that these lenses can be used to display information, detect eye movements, restore vision and detect certain biomarkers in tear fluid. Consequently, whereas previous state-of the-art reviews in contact lenses focused exclusively on biosensing, our systematic review covers a wider range of smart contact lens applications in HMI. Moreover, we present a new method of classifying the literature on smart contact lenses according to their six constituent building blocks, which are the sensing, energy management, driver electronics, communications, substrate and the I/O interfacing modules. Based on recent developments in each of these categories, we speculate the challenges and opportunities of smart contact lenses for human-machine interaction. Moreover, we propose a novel self-powered smart contact lens concept with integrated energy harvesters, sensors and communication modules to enable autonomous operation. Our review is therefore a critical evaluation of current data and is presented with the aim of guiding researchers to new research directions in smart contact lenses.

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Towards a fully integrated, wirelessly powered, and ordinarily equipped on-lens system for successive dry eye syndrome diagnosis

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

The Future of Vision: A Review of Electronic Contact Lenses Technology

The Future of Vision: A Review of Electronic Contact Lenses Technology

Recent Advances in Hydrogels for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dry Eye Disease

State-of-the-Art in Smart Contact Lenses for Human Machine Interaction

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