Towards an Evaluation of Regional Integration in Latin America in the 1990s

Intraregional Trade in South America, 1912–1950: The Cases of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile and Peru

“…7 (Bulmer-Thomas 2003;Devlin and Estevadeordal 2001). 8 (Devlin and Ffrench-Davis 1999;Devlin and Estevadeordal 2001;ECLAC 2011). 9 (Barbieri, Keshk, and Pollins 2009;Barbieri and Keshk 2012 One of the main contributions of this paper lies on the quantification of intraregional trade among Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, andPeru from 1912 to 1950.…”

“…19 (Devlin and Ffrench-Davis 1999) have analyzed the New Regionalism of Latin America stating what follows: "To sum up, intra-regional trade, because of its characteristics, associated with location and the diverse channels which facilitate such trade, complement the Latin American countries' linkages with the global economy and provide a dynamic context of technological apprenticeship, leading to greater international competitiveness and a more diversified, balanced pattern of specialisation." 20 (Devlin and Estevadeordal 2001, 6:8).…”

“…24 (Devlin and Ffrench-Davis 1999) High concentration on few low-value goods has been one of the main features for Latin American trade. According to the literature, the term of concentration/diversification in the region refers not only to the absolute number of products included into the exportation, but also to the inclusion of some manufactures into it, in contrast with the export of a very few raw materials to the developed countries.…”

Colombia en el Grupo de los Tres. Análisis comparativo de las relaciones comerciales entre Colombia, México y Venezuela (1994-2004).

“…En efecto, el aprovechamiento de las economías de escala, es una de las causas del fuerte crecimiento del comercio, en particular de productos no tradicionales (Devlin and French, 1998). Por tanto,…”

Dimensão regional e setorial da integração brasileira na Área de Livre Comércio das Américas.

“…Existe um consenso de que reformas comerciais trazem benefícios de longo-prazo, derivados de ganhos de eficiência na produção e no consumo, como também benefícios não-econômicos (Devlin e French-Davis, 1997;Dijkstra, 2000). Entretanto, o processo de liberalização comercial envolveria também custos de curto-prazo para a economia, relacionados a impactos setoriais específicos (setores com elevada proteção seriam prejudicados) e dificuldades no balanço de pagamentos devido ao rápido crescimento das importações (Bruno, 1987).…”