Towards AquaSun practical utilization: Strong adhesion and lack of ecotoxicity of solar-driven antifouling sol-gel coating

Scurria, Antonino; Scolaro, Cristina; Sfameni, Silvia; Carlo, Gabriella Di; Pagliaro, Mario; Visco, Annamaria; Ciriminna, Rosaria

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2022.106771

Cited by 18 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Recently indeed, alongside Visco and co-workers, we demonstrated the practical applicability of this new marine AF/FR coating reporting the excellent strength of adhesion of AquaSun enhanced coatings on real ship steel substrates [6]. The acute toxicity Microtox test, furthermore, showed evidence of the complete absence of ecotoxicity [6].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The preparation and application of the AquaSun coating take place via a three-step process (Scheme 1), described in detail elsewhere [1,6]. The coating can be deposited by brushing the waterborne paint on any (metal, wood, plastic) clean surface, followed by curing at room temperature and ambient pressure.…”

Section: Economic Insightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A typical AquaSun coating is made of a thin film (3 µm thick) of methylated silica solgel derived from a sol containing 50 mol% methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and 50 mol% of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) [1]. Changes in the ORMOSIL composition further improved the mechanical properties of the AquaSun coating, eventually affording coatings whose high scratch resistance approaches levels previously obtainable only with physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition techniques [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their efficacy, furthermore, is particularly low in warm and highly saline seawaters where biofouling proliferation is faster. Should the durable and powerful AF activity of AquaSun coating be confirmed following testing on marine vessels and submerged structures, this eco-friendly multi-functional sol-gel coating would find widespread utilization to protect immersed surfaces of different nature, from vessels hull of different compositions (steel, resin, and wood) to submerged structures made of steel, concrete or wood [1,2,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainability Evaluation of AquaSun Antifouling Coating Production

2022

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Relying on a cost-effective and green process that is technically and economically feasible on large scale is not enough to call a technology “sustainable”. We thus evaluate the sustainability of the production of the new “AquaSun” antifouling sol–gel coating with reference to each of the three main dimensions (economic, social, and environmental) of sustainable development. This study will hopefully assist in overcoming the “not invented here” syndrome that still affects many sol–gel technologies, including antifouling coatings derived via the sol–gel process.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Economic Insightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainability Evaluation of AquaSun Antifouling Coating Production

2022

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“…The adhesion of coating films to the metallic DH36 steel substrate was evaluated by a cross-cut test, performed using a commercial Cross Hatch Adhesion Tester (SAMA Tools SADT502-5, SAMA Italia, Viareggio, Italy) according to the ASTM D3359e2 Standard Test Method for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test. Using an appropriate cutter, a grid incision was made in a test area of approximately 10 × 10 cm, creating a grid of horizontally (2 mm) and vertically (2 mm) spaced incisions across the surface [ 16 ]. All the particles produced in the area were then removed with a soft brush.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifouling Systems Based on Copper and Silver Nanoparticles Supported on Silica, Titania, and Silica/Titania Mixed Oxides

et al. 2022

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Silica, titania, and mixed silica–titania powders have been used as supports for loading 5 wt% Cu, 5 wt% Ag, and 2.5 wt% Cu-2.5 wt% Ag with the aim of providing a series of nanomaterials with antifouling properties. All the solids were easily prepared by the wetness-impregnation method from commercially available chemical precursors. The resulting materials were characterized by several techniques such as X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N2 physisorption, and temperature-programmed reduction measurements. Four selected Cu and Ag SiO2- and TiO2-supported powders were tested as fillers for the preparation of marine antifouling coatings and complex viscosity measurements. Titania-based coatings showed better adhesion than silica-based coatings and the commercial topcoat. The addition of fillers enhances the resin viscosity, suggesting better workability of titania-based coatings than silica-based ones. The ecotoxicological performance of the powders was evaluated by Microtox luminescence tests, using the marine luminescent bacterium Vibrio fisheri. Further investigations of the microbiological activity of such materials were carried out focusing on the bacterial growth of Pseudoalteromonas sp., Alteromonas sp., and Pseudomonas sp. through measurements of optical density at 600 nm (OD600nm).

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