Towards CO2-neutral process heat generation for continuous reheating furnaces in steel hot rolling mills – A case study

Schmitz, Nico; Sankowski, L.; Kaiser, Franziska; Schwotzer, Christian; Echterhof, Thomas; Pfeifer, Herbert

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.120155

Cited by 33 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Much the same argument can also be made for process heating based on green hydrogen. A recent study has for example come to the conclusion that a switch from natural gas-fuelled to electric or green hydrogen-based heating for hot rolling of steel would currently (and for the near future) result in increasing CO2 emissions if the electricity is provided from the Polish or German grids, whereas the situation would be the opposite in France [138].…”

Section: Process Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials Design for the Improvement of SiC Field Effect Gas Sensor performance in High Temperature Process Control applications

Khajavizadeh

2023

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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Section: Process Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials Design for the Improvement of SiC Field Effect Gas Sensor performance in High Temperature Process Control applications

Khajavizadeh

2023

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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“…Due to the central role of fuel in ironmaking and steelmaking, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions are large, corresponding to approximately 7% of the total anthropogenic CO 2 emissions. In this context, the steel industry must reduce its CO 2 emissions as much as possible by improving and developing the process towards carbon neutrality [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, tailored software solutions can be designed in order to optimize the already existing plants, without requiring significant hardware modifications. In this context, traditional control systems, Advanced Process Control (APC) systems, and high-level optimization systems can be utilized [3,12]. These systems in the steel industry reheating furnaces can be located at levels 1, 2, and 3 of the automation hierarchy [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Mode Model Predictive Control Approach for Steel Billets Reheating Furnaces

Zanoli

Pepe

Orlietti³

2023

Sensors

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In this paper, a unified level 2 Advanced Process Control system for steel billets reheating furnaces is proposed. The system is capable of managing all process conditions that can occur in different types of furnaces, e.g., walking beam and pusher type. A multi-mode Model Predictive Control approach is proposed together with a virtual sensor and a control mode selector. The virtual sensor provides billet tracking, together with updated process and billet information; the control mode selector module defines online the best control mode to be applied. The control mode selector uses a tailored activation matrix and, in each control mode, a different subset of controlled variables and specifications are considered. All furnace conditions (production, planned/unplanned shutdowns/downtimes, and restarts) are managed and optimized. The reliability of the proposed approach is proven by the different installations in various European steel industries. Significant energy efficiency and process control results were obtained after the commissioning of the designed system on the real plants, replacing operators’ manual conduction and/or previous level 2 systems control.

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“…[21,22,24] However, more environmentally friendly use of induction heating requires the utilization of renewable electricity in order for the CO 2 emissions of the process to remain as low as possible. [25,26] Temperature, holding time, and atmosphere in the reheating furnace all affect oxide scale formation on the surface of stainless steel slabs. In the reheating furnace, fuel combustion produces an oxidizing atmosphere, when complete combustion of the fuel gas is ensured by using a sufficient excess of an oxidant gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxide Scale Formation of Stainless Steels with Different Heating Methods – Effect of Hydrogen as Fuel

Airaksinen,

Haapakangas,

Laukka

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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The evolution from natural gas usage to new technologies, such as the use of hydrogen as fuel or electricity‐based heating, strongly influences the oxidation of the stainless steel surface in the reheating furnace. Thermogravimetric tests using different simulated combustion and induction reheating conditions were performed for austenitic AISI 301 and AISI 304, and ferritic AISI 444 steel grades. Simulated furnace atmospheres in combustion methods were based on methane‐air, methane‐oxygen, hydrogen‐oxygen, and methane‐hydrogen‐oxygen combinations. For induction simulations, air and nitrogen were used as furnace atmospheres. The results indicate that changes in heating conditions to H2‐fueled combustion or induction only have a minor influence on the oxidation of the ferritic grade; whereas, their effects on the austenitic grades were more pronounced. Transition from a methane‐air to H2‐oxyfuel combustion increased the total oxidation by 1.7 and 4 times for steel grades 304 and 301, respectively; therefore, grade 304 can be considered better suited for transition for H2‐oxyfuel use. The shorter induction heating considerably decreases the amount of oxide scale for austenitic grades, but the nitrogen atmosphere produced a subscale inside the steel matrix, which could hinder the descaling process.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Towards CO2-neutral process heat generation for continuous reheating furnaces in steel hot rolling mills – A case study

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Materials Design for the Improvement of SiC Field Effect Gas Sensor performance in High Temperature Process Control applications

Materials Design for the Improvement of SiC Field Effect Gas Sensor performance in High Temperature Process Control applications

Multi-Mode Model Predictive Control Approach for Steel Billets Reheating Furnaces

Oxide Scale Formation of Stainless Steels with Different Heating Methods – Effect of Hydrogen as Fuel

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