“…Other approaches have used single views with 2D keypoint annotations [9], [25], [55], [56] or object masks [23], [25], [26], [29]. For objects such as human bodies and human faces, some methods [16], [17], [18], [20], [21], [29], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61] have learn to reconstruct from raw images, but starting from the knowledge of a predefined shape model, such as SMPL [62] or Basel [11], or shape templates. These prior models are constructed using specialized hardware and/or other forms of supervision, which are often difficult to obtain for deformable objects in the wild, such as animals, and also limited in details of the shape.…”