Towards highly stable lithium sulfur batteries: Surface functionalization of carbon nanotube scaffolds

Recent advances in interlayer and separator engineering for lithium-sulfur batteries

“…For example, heteroatoms, such as oxygen or phosphorus modified carbon structures have demonstrated a positive effect in sulfur fixing in Li-S batteries [56,57]. In 2018, Kim et al carried out thermal treatments on CNTs under oxygen atmosphere to enhance the electrochemical performance of the resultant Li-S batteries with CNT interlayers [56]. The O contents of oxygen-treated CNT (O-CNT) and pristine CNT were determined to be 14.63% and 6.92%, respectively.…”

High Performance Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Surface Tailoring of Polypropylene Separator with a Polydopamine/Graphene Layer

“…To address these issues and practically utilize this advanced energy storage system, a variety of strategies have been approached to enhance the electrochemical performance of Li metal batteries and reduce the risk of short circuiting, by exploring new electrolyte additives, adopting a protective layer to Li metal surface, and designing functional membranes . Among these strategies the surface alteration of a standard polypropylene (PP) separator with multifunctional materials can easily improve the cycle performance and Coulombic efficiency of Li metal batteries, making it as an ideal approach to address the systemic issues underlying the Li metal anode …”

Surface-Functionalized Separator for Stable and Reliable Lithium Metal Batteries: A Review

“…at 25 °C) [ 10 , 11 ]. Furthermore, the adoption of metallic Li as an anode is indispensable to realize high-energy-density batteries such as Li-O 2 and Li-S cells, both of which are being considered the “future of energy storage” [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Due to these promising prospects, a number of research projects focusing on the Li anode have been extensively carried out.…”

“…A number of strategies have been proposed to make LMB technology feasible and safer, such as stabilizing the Li electrode surface via interface modification [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ], modifying the chemical constituents of electrolytes [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ], adding a flame-retardant-based separator [ 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ], and functionalizing the surface of polymer separators [ 23 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ]. Encapsulating the Li metal with a protective layer through vapor deposition methods (e.g., physical vapor deposition) has shown a stabilized surface reactivity against atmospheric environments (air and humidity) and has presented optimistic electrochemical results in terms of cycle performance and Coulombic efficiency [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ].…”