Towards Predicting Relevance Using a Quantum-Like Framework

Buccio, Emanuele Di; Melucci, Massimo; Song, Dawei

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20161-5_87

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Following van Rijsbergen's pioneering work, a body of quantum or quantum-like frameworks have recently been developed to formalize retrieval models and have achieved significant improvements [17][18][19][20]. Piwowarski et al [21] attempted to find an effective quantum representation of documents and queries for measuring the relevance between them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of Quantum Interference in Document Relevance Judgement Discrepancy

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Entropy

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Quantum theory has been applied in a number of fields outside physics, e.g., cognitive science and information retrieval (IR). Recently, it has been shown that quantum theory can subsume various key IR models into a single mathematical formalism of Hilbert vector spaces. While a series of quantum-inspired IR models has been proposed, limited effort has been devoted to verify the existence of the quantum-like phenomenon in real users' information retrieval processes, from a real user study perspective. In this paper, we aim to explore and model the quantum interference in users' relevance judgement about documents, caused by the presentation order of documents. A user study in the context of IR tasks have been carried out. The existence of the quantum interference is tested by the violation of the law of total probability and the validity of the order effect. Our main findings are: (1) there is an apparent judging discrepancy across different users and document presentation orders, and empirical data have violated the law of total probability; (2) most search trials recorded in the user study show the existence of the order effect, and the incompatible decision perspectives in the quantum question (QQ) model are valid in some trials. We further explain the judgement discrepancy in more depth, in terms of four effects (comparison, unfamiliarity, attraction and repulsion) and also analyse the dynamics of document relevance judgement in terms of the evolution of the information need subspace.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of Quantum Interference in Document Relevance Judgement Discrepancy

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Entropy

Self Cite

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“…Note that similar interpretations of quantum interference within IR have been implicitly suggested by Wang et al [2010], Di Buccio et al [2011] and Melucci [2010]. In the first work, in fact, Wang et al suggested that topics may interfere, thus affecting the relevance assessments of documents.…”

Section: What Does Quantum Interference Mean In Qprp and In Ir?mentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Di Buccio et al [2011] instead studied the interactions between users and documents when assessing the relevance of documents to selected TREC topics. They focused on determining the level of uncertainty in the relevance assessments, claiming that the quantum probability framework, and in particular the notion of quantum interference can correctly update the predicted probability of relevance depending on the evolution of the user's relevance state and the user's uncertainty about the assessment.…”

Section: Motivations For Using Quantum Theory In Irmentioning

confidence: 99%

Document ranking with quantum probabilities

Zuccon

2012

SIGIR Forum

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In this thesis we investigate the use of quantum probability theory for ranking documents. Quantum probability theory is used to estimate the probability of relevance of a document given a user's query. We posit that quantum probability theory can lead to a better estimation of the probability of a document being relevant to a user's query than the common IR approach, i. e. the Probability Ranking Principle (PRP), which is based upon Kolmogorovian probability theory. Following our hypothesis, we formulate an analogy between the document retrieval scenario and a physical scenario, that of the double slit experiment. Through the analogy, we propose a novel ranking approach, the quantum probability ranking principle (qPRP). Key to our proposal is the presence of quantum interference. Mathematically, this is the statistical deviation between empirical observations and expected values predicted by the Kolmogorovian rule of additivity of probabilities of disjoint events in configurations such that of the double slit experiment. While PRP explicitly assumes that the relevancy of a document is independent of that of other documents, we suggest that qPRP implicitly models interdependent document relevance through quantum interference and thus is suited to those document ranking tasks where the independence assumption fails. Throughout the thesis, we also suggest how quantum interference can be estimated for effective document ranking.To validate our proposal and to gain more insights about approaches for document ranking, we (1) analyse PRP, qPRP and other ranking approaches, exposing the assumptions underlying their ranking criteria and formulating the conditions for the optimality of the two ranking principles, (2) empirically compare three ranking principles (i. e. PRP, interactive PRP, and qPRP) and two state-of-the-art ranking strategies in two retrieval scenarios, those of ad-hoc retrieval and diversity retrieval, (3) analytically contrast the ranking criteria of the examined approaches, exposing similarities and differences, (4) study the ranking behaviours of approaches alternative to PRP in terms of the kinematics they impose on relevant documents, i. e. by considering the extent and direction of the movements of relevant documents across the ranking recorded when comparing PRP against its alternatives.

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“…However, it remains unclear as to how we should regard the application of quantum ideas in the information sciences, and how their “quantumness” is regarded. To give just a few examples, it has been described as: A metaphor (Bruza, Kitto, Nelson, & McEvoy, ; Wittek & Darányi, 2011a, 2011b) An analogy (Arafat, ; Piwowarski et al., 2010b; Widdows, ; Zhao et al., ) Inspired by quantum theory (Piwowarski et al., , ; Zhao et al., ) Quantum‐like (Di Buccio et al., ; Haven & Khrennikov, ) An abstract framework (Bruza et al., ) A scientific mirror (Arafat, ) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a second, we can mention a model that uses the concept of interference to model the way in which relevance judgments of any document are affected by similar judgments of other documents (Zuccon & Azzopardi, ); another analysis of interference is given by Melucci (). A third example is the modeling of users' relevance states by quantum probability (Di Buccio, Melucci, & Song, ). A relevance state is an individual's internal subjective assessment of relevance, which only appears as an objective relevance assessment when a final judgment has been reached: a process analogous to the “collapse” of a physical quantum superposition.…”

Section: Literature Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“Potentialities or possibilities”: Towards quantum information science?

Bawden

Robinson

Siddiqui

2014

Asso for Info Science & Tech

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link AbstractThe use of quantum concepts and formalism in the information sciences is assessed through an analysis of published literature. Five categories are identified: use of loose analogies and metaphors between concepts in quantum physics and library/information science; use of quantum concepts and formalisms in information retrieval; use of quantum concepts and formalisms in studying meaning and concepts; quantum social science, in areas adjacent to information science; and the qualitative application of quantum concepts in the information disciplines. Quantum issues have led to demonstrable progress has been made in information retrieval and semantic modelling, with less clear cut progress elsewhere. Whether there may be a future 'quantum turn' in the information sciences is debated, the implications of such a turn considered, and a research agenda outlined. IntroductionOver a period of many years, and with increasing frequency in the past decade, quantum concepts have appeared in the literature of the social sciences in general, and the library/information sciences (LIS) in particular. This manifestation has taken several forms. Many have been passing mentions: loose analogies and empty metaphors. Some have applied a mathematical formalism, sometimes with a clear justification, sometimes just because it works. Some have used detailed and rich metaphors and analogies, linking concepts from the physical world with the social and informational realm, and some have claimed that such a linkage is 'real'. Others have argued that there is a general intellectual movement, a zeitgeist, centred around quantum concepts, and that the social sciences, including LIS, should partake in this.

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Towards Predicting Relevance Using a Quantum-Like Framework

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Exploration of Quantum Interference in Document Relevance Judgement Discrepancy

Exploration of Quantum Interference in Document Relevance Judgement Discrepancy

Document ranking with quantum probabilities

“Potentialities or possibilities”: Towards quantum information science?

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