Aerogel-based solar collectors inherently
possess superinsulated
performance, which can achieve green and sustainable thermal collection
under atmospheric pressure without the need of a vacuum gap. However,
the inherent brittleness, low transparency, and weak mechanical properties
of aerogels limit the practical application as solar collectors. Herein,
polyimide aerogel membranes (PIAMs) with integrated properties of
robust flexibility, high transparency, and low thermal conductivity
have been prepared. The prepared PIAMs achieve the adjustable transparency
and significant transformation from fragility to high flexibility
by introducing the asymmetric molecular structure. In particular,
the prepared PIAMs realize an average optical transmittance of ∼90%
over the long wavelength range of 500–2650 nm and exhibit high
flexibility, a low density of 0.161 g/cm3, a low thermal
conductivity of 0.045 W/mK, and a robust tensile strength of 6.02
MPa. Moreover, a simple and low-cost parabolic trough solar collecting
device is assembled using PIAMs as an exterior structure, which could
operate at atmospheric conditions and achieve highly efficient thermal
collection. The results demonstrate that the effective thermal collecting
temperature of solar collector was up to 231.5 °C. The as-prepared
PIAMs with robust flexibility and high optical transparency can be
used as the candidate for the application of solar collectors and
advanced optical elements.