Towards Sustainable Transport: Techno-Economic Analysis of Investing in Hydrogen Buses in Public Transport in the Selected City of Poland

Abstract

The production, storage, and use of hydrogen for energy purposes will become increasingly important during the energy transition. One way to use hydrogen is to apply it to power vehicles. This green technological solution affects low-emissions transport, which is beneficial and important, especially in cities. The authors of this article analyzed the use of hydrogen production infrastructure for bus propulsion in the city of Katowice (Poland). The methods, used in the study, included a greedy algorithm and cost methods, which were applied for the selection of vehicles and identification of the infrastructure for the production, storage and refueling of hydrogen, as well as to conduct the economic analysis during this term. The article presented the complexity of the techno-economic analysis of the infrastructure and its installation. The key element was the selection of the number of vehicles to the hydrogen production possibilities of an electrolyser and capabilities of the storage and charging infrastructure.

Impact of Fuel Production Technologies on Energy Consumption and GHG Emissions from Diesel and Electric–Hydrogen Hybrid Buses in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

“…For future projects, an enrichment of input data is envisioned, including the following: a better analysis of the operation can be performed, considering, for instance, actual values that vary according to the stretch and driving cycle; other pollutant gases can be included, such as methane (CH 4 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and Particulate Matter (PM); other fuel alternatives, such as biofuels, and even other technologies, such as electric mobility, can be added to this comparison; an analysis of the Brazilian regulatory environment can incentivize new technologies; and the economic and financial feasibility of implementing the necessary charging infrastructure to be installed in garages and specific points in the city can be considered, in addition to the provision of intelligent energy transmission and distribution networks (smart grids). Moreover, it must be remarked that further research is desirable considering other aspects in terms of a sustainable assessment, thus adding, for instance, a cost-benefit analysis and social and economic indicators, mainly because FCHBs may have higher costs associated when compared to conventional diesel buses [41][42][43].…”

Methods and Techniques Supporting Energy and Media Savings in Maintenance of Public Transport Buses—State of the Art and Recommendations

“…In the literature, some authors conducted analyses of investment in infrastructure for charging EVs [24][25][26] and hydrogen vehicles [27][28][29]. Stecuła et al [30] analyze even an investment in infrastructure for hydrogen city buses in a given city in Poland. This infrastructure includes mainly special stations consisting of an electrolyser, a compressor, fuel and supply storage, and a dispenser.…”

AI-Driven Urban Energy Solutions—From Individuals to Society: A Review

“…In cities around the world, IoT technologies are revolutionizing the way urban infrastructure operates, providing an interconnected web of smart devices and sensors that collect and share data in real time [4]. These IoT systems allow city planners and administrators to gain unprecedented insight into various aspects of urban life, from traffic patterns [5], the use of different sources of energy [6][7][8] and energy consumption [9][10][11] to waste management [12] and air quality [13]. The pursuit of a ubiquitous Internet and the development of urban infrastructure means that the achievements of Industry 4.0 are being used on an increasingly larger scale, leading to more and more solutions based on smart elements [14,15] and neural networks [16].…”