“…In the polarity matrix P , p i , j = 1 if the causal relationship between the variables i (independent) and j (dependent) is positive, and p i , j = −1 if the causal relationship between i and j is negative. In the temporality matrix T , t i , j = 1 if i immediately affects j , t i , j = 2 if i is a stock variable, and t i , j = 4 if a change in i affects j only after a significant time delay (Schoenenberger et al ., ). The one relationship we assumed to be significantly delayed is the link between takedown rate and preventive maintenance (variables 8 and 10).…”