Toxicity and adaptation of <i>Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides</i> to extreme chromium contamination

Sánchez-Fortún, S.; López‐Rodas, Victoria; Navarro, Macarena; Marvá, Fernando; D’ors, A.; Rouco, Mónica; Haigh-Flórez, David; Costas, Eduardo

doi:10.1897/08-489.1

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The mutation rate obtained from the fluctuation analysis in the wild-type and Be-resistant Chlamydomonas sp. (µ=9.61 × 10 −6 ) was high but in agreement with the typical mutation rates calculated for phytoplankton exposed to other metals (e.g., García-Villada et al, 2004 ; López-Rodas, Maneiro & Costas, 2006 ; Sánchez-Fortún et al, 2009 ; Marvá et al, 2014b ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Since 1950, the amount and productivity of phytoplankton on the earth have exhibited decreasing trends ( Behrenfeld et al, 2006 ; Boyce, Lewis & Worm, 2010 ). Disturbingly, these decreasing rates appear to be related to anthropogenic stressors, and some contaminants significantly affect phytoplankton ( García-Villada et al, 2004 ; Stauber et al, 2008 ; Sánchez-Fortún et al, 2009 ; Marvá et al, 2014a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation prevents the extinction ofChlamydomonas reinhardtiiunder toxic beryllium

Costas

Bustillo-Avendaño

Baselga‐Cervera

2016

PeerJ

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The current biodiversity crisis represents a historic challenge for natural communities: the environmental rate of change exceeds the population’s adaptation capability. Integrating both ecological and evolutionary responses is necessary to make reliable predictions regarding the loss of biodiversity. The race against extinction from an eco-evolutionary perspective is gaining importance in ecological risk assessment. Here, we performed a classical study of population dynamics—a fluctuation analysis—and evaluated the results from an adaption perspective. Fluctuation analysis, widely used with microorganisms, is an effective empirical procedure to study adaptation under strong selective pressure because it incorporates the factors that influence demographic, genetic and environmental changes. The adaptation of phytoplankton to beryllium (Be) is of interest because human activities are increasing the concentration of Be in freshwater reserves; therefore, predicting the effects of human-induced pollutants is necessary for proper risk assessment. The fluctuation analysis was performed with phytoplankton, specifically, the freshwater microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, under acute Be exposure. High doses of Be led to massive microalgae death; however, by conducting a fluctuation analysis experiment, we found that C. reinhardtii was able to adapt to 33 mg/l of Be due to pre-existing genetic variability. The rescuing adapting genotype presented a mutation rate of 9.61 × 10−6 and a frequency of 10.42 resistant cells per million wild-type cells. The genetic adaptation pathway that was experimentally obtained agreed with the theoretical models of evolutionary rescue (ER). Furthermore, the rescuing genotype presented phenotypic and physiologic differences from the wild-type genotype, was 25% smaller than the Be-resistant genotype and presented a lower fitness and quantum yield performance. The abrupt distinctions between the wild-type and the Be-resistant genotype suggest a pleiotropic effect mediated by an advantageous mutation; however, no sequencing confirmation was performed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation prevents the extinction ofChlamydomonas reinhardtiiunder toxic beryllium

Costas

Bustillo-Avendaño

Baselga‐Cervera

2016

PeerJ

Self Cite

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“…The mutation rate obtained from the fluctuation analysis in the wild-type and Be-resistant Chlamydomonas sp. (µ= 9.61x10 -6 ) was high but in agreement with the typical mutation rates calculated for phytoplankton exposed to other metals (e.g., García-Villada et al, 2004;López-Rodas, Maneiro & Costas, 2006;Sánchez-Fortún et al, 2009;Marvá et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Peer Review #2 of "Adaptation prevents the extinction of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under toxic beryllium (v0.1)"

2016

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The current biodiversity crisis represents a historic challenge for natural communities: the environmental rate of change exceeds the population's adaptation capability. Integrating both ecological and evolutionary responses is necessary to make reliable predictions regarding the loss of biodiversity. The race against extinction from an eco-evolutionary perspective is gaining importance in ecological risk assessment. Here, we performed a classical study of population dynamics-a fluctuation analysis-and evaluated the results from an adaption perspective. Fluctuation analysis, widely used with microorganisms, is an effective empirical procedure to study adaptation under strong selective pressure because it incorporates the factors that influence demographic, genetic and environmental changes. The adaptation of phytoplankton to beryllium (Be) is of interest because human activities are increasing the concentration of Be in freshwater reserves; therefore, predicting the effects of human-induced pollutants is necessary for proper risk assessment. The fluctuation analysis was performed with phytoplankton, specifically, the freshwater microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, under acute Be exposure. High doses of Be led to massive microalgae death; however, by conducting a fluctuation analysis experiment, we found that Chlamydomonas sp. was able to adapt to 33 mg/l of Be due to pre-existing genetic variability. The rescuing adapting genotype presented a mutation rate of 9.61 x 10-6 and a frequency of 10.42 resistant cells per million wild-type cells. The genetic adaptation pathway that was experimentally obtained agreed with the theoretical models of evolutionary rescue (ER). Furthermore, the rescuing genotype presented phenotypic and physiologic differences from the wild-type genotype, was 25% smaller than the Be-resistant genotype and presented a lower fitness and quantum yield performance. The abrupt distinctions between the wild-type and the Beresistant genotype suggest a pleiotropic effect mediated by an advantageous mutation; however, no sequencing confirmation was performed.

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“…One of such EPS sources seems to be freshwater green microalga Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides , with a world‐wide distribution that is widely used for studies of evolutionary ecology focused on adaptation processes in extreme conditions . To optimize conditions for the biomass (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The green alga Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides biomass and polysaccharides production determined using cultivation in crossed gradients of temperature and light

Kumar

Kvíderová

Kaštánek

et al. 2017

Engineering in Life Sciences

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The green microalga Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides was identified as promising microorganism for biotechnological production of exopolysaccharides (EPS). In stationary phase the culture suspension solidifies to thick gel, with very high viscosity and high content of EPS which may be interesting for many biotechnological applications. To develop cultivation protocol for maximum biomass/polysaccharide production, the optimum conditions for growth and polysaccharides production were determined in this study using the crossed gradient cultivation method. Temperature and irradiance requirements of Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides were evaluated by statistical analyses for growth rate/biomass, extracellular (EPS) and intracellular (IPS) polysaccharides contents in crossed gradients of temperature (4–45°C) and irradiance (2–18 W/m2, 9.1 – 82.3 μmol/(m2 s)). The maximum relative growth rate was observed at temperatures around 19.2°C and relatively low irradiances in range 2.6–11 W/m2 (11.9–50.3 μmol/(m2 s)). The maximum IPS production was observed at temperatures around 19.2°C and irradiance around 11 W/m2 (50.3 μmol/(m2 s)). The maximum production of EPS was observed at temperatures around 25.7°C and similar irradiances as IPS production. Due to temperature separation of growth and EPS production, development of cultivation protocol based controlled temperature manipulation is possible.

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Toxicity and adaptation of Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides to extreme chromium contamination

Cited by 23 publications

References 40 publications

Adaptation prevents the extinction ofChlamydomonas reinhardtiiunder toxic beryllium

Adaptation prevents the extinction ofChlamydomonas reinhardtiiunder toxic beryllium

Peer Review #2 of "Adaptation prevents the extinction of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under toxic beryllium (v0.1)"

The green alga Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides biomass and polysaccharides production determined using cultivation in crossed gradients of temperature and light

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