Toxicity and metabolism of monoethylhexyl phthalate and diethylhexyl phthalate: A survey of recent literature

Thomas, John A.; Northup, Sharon J.

doi:10.1080/15287398209530149

Cited by 73 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…In the MEHP recovery experiment, TUNEL-positive cells also reduced in a time-dependent manner in 21-day-old mice, but the rate of testis weight gain was lower compared to the control from D1 to D9 18) . After administration, 80%~90% of MEHP is excluded from the body within 24 hr 11,40) , indicating that even though MEHP is almost eliminated from the body, its effects can still persist in testes 18) . By MEHP administration, the number of TUNEL-positive cells gradually decreased from D3 to D7, and reached the same amount with the control at D9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of di-iso-butyl phthalate on testes of prepubertal rats and mice

Zhu

Tay

Andriana

et al. 2010

Okajimas Folia Anat. Jpn.

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Summary: Di-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP), a special plasticizer, is used as a substitute for di(n-butyl) phthalate(DBP). The effects of DiBP on testes in prepubertal rodents still remain to be obscure. Testicular toxicity of DiBP was investigated in 21-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats and C57BL/6N mice, using with in situ TUNEL method. For an acute exposure experiment, animals were once given DiBP at various concentrations by oral gavage. For a subchronic exposure experiment, they were daily given DiBP at various concentrations for consecutive 7 days. Controls were treated with corn oil under the same condition. For a recovery experiment, rats were once given DiBP (1000 mg/kg), and were sacrificed at day 1 to 8 after administration. Furthermore, the disorder of vimentin filaments in Sertoli cells after daily administration of DiBP (500 mg/kg) for consecutive 7 days in rats also identified by immunohistochemistry using anti-vimentin antibody. As a result, the present study demonstrated that DiBP can induce testicular atrophy in rats due to the increase of TUNEL-positive spermatogenic cells in both acute and subchronic exposure experiments. At the same time, the disorder of vimentin filaments in Sertoli cells was recognized. However, no such damages could be found in mouse testis. For the recovery experiment, the testis weight and testicular morphology returned to normal at day 6 after administration. In conclusion, the present study indicates that DiBP causes the significant increase of TUNEL-positive spermatogenic cells and the disorder of vimentin filaments in Sertoli cells in rats and that DiBP shows a species-specific toxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of di-iso-butyl phthalate on testes of prepubertal rats and mice

Zhu

Tay

Andriana

et al. 2010

Okajimas Folia Anat. Jpn.

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“…The effects of DEHP and MEHP on fetotoxicity and on teratogenicity have been reviewed by Peakall (23), Thomas et al (24,25) and well summarized in the status report on phthalate in consumer products (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 4 summarizes the results. DEHP (500 mg/kg) or MEHP (25,50 mg/kg) was injected once into pregnant mice after 10.5 days gestation. The surviving rate for the offspring up to 4 weeks and the appearance of white midventral spots (WMVS) in treated groups, which probably resulted from killing of melanocyte precursor cells, were not significantly different from those of the control group (except in the case of offspring from KYG females treated with DEHP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetotoxic Effects of Mono-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (MEHP) in Mice

Tomita¹,

Nakamura²,

Yagi³

et al. 1986

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), one of the main metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), exerted embryo/fetotoxic effects similar to those of DEHP at lower doses. Oral administration of MEHP (1 mL/kg) to the mice of 8 days gestation resulted in less than 32% of live fetuses, all of which were deformed.When DEHP (10 mL/kg) was given to the pregnant mice of 8 days gestation, approximately 0.03% and 0.003% of the administered dose was found in fetuses as DEHP and MEHP, respectively, after 12 hr.The presence of the MEHP in fetuses is probably due to the transplacental crossing of the MEHP formed in the maternal body, since the fetuses of mice up to day 9 of pregnancy showed no hydrolytic activity of DEHP to MEHP. Crossing of MEHP through the placenta was proven by an experiment in which MEHP was administered in pregnant mice.A single injection of MEHP (25 or 50 mg/kg), but not DEHP (500 mg/kg) into pregnant mice, induced a significantly high incidence of somatic mutations in the coat hair of offspring of mice (KYG, 9 x PW, d; C57BL/6Crj, 9 x PW, 6). All these data suggest that MEHP could be responsible for the embryotoxic/ fetotoxic effects observed with DEHP.

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“…Earlier reviews (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) discussed the teratogenic effects of some of the phthalates and related chemicals. Though PAEs in general seem to require high doses to trigger embryotoxic actions, some appear to be more teratogenic than others.…”

Section: Teratologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the past few years there have been a number of review articles pertaining to the biologic effects of the phthalic acid esters (PAE) (1)(2)(3). In 1981, the National Toxicology Program and the U.S. Interagency Regulatory Liaison Group sponsored a Conference on Phthalates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) on the Neonate and Aspects of Teratogenic Actions

Thomas¹,

Wienckowski²,

Gillies³

et al. 1986

Environmental Health Perspectives

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A review of the literature reveals that several different phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are capable of causing testicular damage. Phthalate-induced zinc deficiency is consistent with germinal epithelial damage. Among experimental animals, mice perhaps show the greatest sensitivity to phthalate-induced terata, but high doses/exposure are required. Little toxicologic information is available with regard to phthalate-induced effects upon the neonate.

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Toxicity and metabolism of monoethylhexyl phthalate and diethylhexyl phthalate: A survey of recent literature

Cited by 73 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of di-iso-butyl phthalate on testes of prepubertal rats and mice

Effects of di-iso-butyl phthalate on testes of prepubertal rats and mice

Fetotoxic Effects of Mono-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (MEHP) in Mice

Effects of Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) on the Neonate and Aspects of Teratogenic Actions

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