Toxicity and Preliminary Risk Assessment of Alternative Antifouling Biocides to Aquatic Organisms

Yamada, Hisashi

doi:10.1007/698_5_056

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Regarding the toxicity of single chemicals towards the three species of microalgae, it appears that the three species exhibited roughly the same sensitivity towards the tested compounds (Figure 1, Table 1), except for ZnPT and CuPT to which T. suecica was less sensitive. Such values are in agreement with previously reported EC50 values for these compounds (Koutsaftis and Aoyama, 2006;Yamada, 2006;Buma et al, 2009;Onduka et al, 2010;Bao et al, 2011;Avelelas et al, 2017).…”

Section: Toxicity Of the Single Chemicalssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…No study specifically evaluated the mode of action (MoA) of CuPT, though it is reasonable to think that it shares the same mechanism as ZnPT. Regarding their toxicity on microalgae, Yamada (2006) reported 72-h EC50 of 2.10 and 28.4 µg L -1 on the growth of S. costatum, and 28.0 and 35.0 µg L -1 on the growth of Selenastrum capricornutum, for ZnPT and CuPT, respectively. In another study on S. costatum, the 72-h EC50 were 1.60 and 1.50 µg L -1 for ZnPT and CuPT (Onduka et al, 2010),…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined effects of antifouling biocides on the growth of three marine microalgal species

et al. 2018

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The toxicity of the antifouling compounds diuron, irgarol, zinc pyrithione (ZnPT), copper pyrithione (CuPT) and copper was tested on the three marine microalgae Tisochrysis lutea, Skeletonema marinoi and Tetraselmis suecica. Toxicity tests based on the inhibition of growth rate after 96-h exposure were run using microplates. Chemical analyses were performed to validate the exposure concentrations and the stability of the compounds under test conditions. Single chemicals exhibited varying toxicity depending on the species, irgarol being the most toxic chemical and Cu the least toxic. Selected binary mixtures were tested and the resulting interactions were analyzed using two distinct concentration-response surface models: one using the concentration addition (CA) model as reference and two deviating isobole models implemented in R software; the other implementing concentration-response surface models in Excel, using both CA and independent action (IA) models as reference and three deviating models. Most mixtures of chemicals sharing the same mode of action (MoA) were correctly predicted by the CA model. For mixtures of dissimilarly acting chemicals, neither of the reference models provided better predictions than the other. Mixture of ZnPT together with Cu induced a strong synergistic effect on T. suecica while strong antagonism was observed on the two other species. The synergy was due to the transchelation of ZnPT into CuPT in the presence of Cu, CuPT being 14-fold more toxic than ZnPT for this species. The two modelling approaches are compared and the differences observed among the interaction patterns resulting from the mixtures are discussed.

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Section: Toxicity Of the Single Chemicalssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of antifouling biocides on the growth of three marine microalgal species

et al. 2018

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“…Both ZnPT and CuPT are highly toxic to aquatic organisms according to the limited data in literature (Yamada, 2006;Bao et al, 2011Bao et al, , 2012, and their toxic mode of actions involves disruption of cellular ATP synthesis, inhibition of membrane transport, and complex binding with cellular metals and proteins (Chandler and Segel, 1978;Dinning et al, 1998;Doose et al, 2004;Dahllöf et al, 2005). In this study, CuPT showed a higher acute toxicity than ZnPT to the adult T. japonicus, which was in good agreement with the previous findings on the copepod with 96 h-LC50 at 170 and 30 g/L (Bao et al, 2011), and 24 h-LC50 at 280 and 23 g/L for ZnPT and CuPT, respectively (Onduka et al, 2007).…”

Section: Acute Toxicity Of Single Biocidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and chronic toxicities of zinc pyrithione alone and in combination with copper to the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus

2014

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“…CuPT 2 was more toxic than ZnPT 2 to the sea bream Pagrus major and the toy shrimp Heptacarpus futilirostris (96-h LC 50 of CuPT 2 and ZnPT 2 : 9.3 and 98.2 µg l −1 for P. major, and 2.5 and 120 µg l −1 for H. futilirostris respectively) (Mochida et al, 2006). CuPT 2 was also found to be more toxic to the copepod Tigriopus japonicus than ZnPT 2 (24-h LC 50 : 41 µg l −1 and >500 µg l −1 , respectively) (Yamada, 2006). Furthermore, our previous study Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Differences in susceptibility of marine bacterial communities to metal pyrithiones, their degradation compounds and organotin antifouling biocides

2019

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The susceptibility of marine bacterial communities to copper pyrithione (CuPT2), zinc pyrithione (ZnPT2) and their degradation product is described and toxicities of these relatively new antifouling biocides compared with those of their harmful organotin (OT) predecessors, tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT). These biocides were added to agar at concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg l−1 and coastal seawater including indigenous bacteria added to each batch of agar solution. The number of bacterial colony forming units (CFU) was measured after 7 days culture. Relative CFU (as a percentage of control) was more than 80% at a concentration of 0.01 mg l−1 of each compound, except for TBT. Relative CFU decreased as a function of dose of each biocide, although concentration-dependent changes in rate of CFU were relatively low during exposure to degradation products of CuPT2 and ZnPT2, pyridine N-oxide (PO) and pyridine-2-sulphonic acid (PSA). Based on comparisons of EC50, TBT was the most bacterio-toxic of the tested compounds (0.2 mg l−1), marginally more so than CuPT2 (0.3 mg l−1). Interestingly, EC50 values of degradation products of CuPT2 and ZnPT2, 2-mercaptopyridine N-oxide (HPT) and 2,2′-dithio-bispyridine N-oxide (PT2) were 0.8 and 0.5 mg l−1, respectively, lower than that of the parent chemical, ZnPT2 (1.4 mg l−1). The EC50 of PT2 was also lower than that of TPT (0.7 mg l−1), implying higher toxicity. Given the overlapping toxicity ranges, these results suggest that marine bacterial communities experience comparably high susceptibility to metal PTs and OTs during their life history.

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Toxicity and Preliminary Risk Assessment of Alternative Antifouling Biocides to Aquatic Organisms

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Combined effects of antifouling biocides on the growth of three marine microalgal species

Combined effects of antifouling biocides on the growth of three marine microalgal species

Acute and chronic toxicities of zinc pyrithione alone and in combination with copper to the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus

Differences in susceptibility of marine bacterial communities to metal pyrithiones, their degradation compounds and organotin antifouling biocides

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