Toxicity Assessment, Evaluation of Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity on Cordia obliqua Fruit Extracts

Abstract

Liver is the second largest and vital organ in the body which plays a vital role in metabolism and maintenance of homeostasis in human system. Toxic liver injury produced by drugs and chemicals are similar to natural liver disease. Continuous use of agents like Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Paracetamol, Ethyl alcohol, Carbon tetrachloride, Ranitidine and Oral contraceptives of hormonal origin and chemicals used as food preservatives and agrochemicals are threatening the integrity of liver. 1,2 The effects of liver disease on hepatic metabolism of drugs are complex and difficult to predict, particularly when multiple drugs are administered simultaneously. 3 Undiscerning use of anti-malarial drugs 4 , Anti-tubercular drugs 5 , analgesics, oral contraceptives 6 , Pharmaceuticals (mainly antibiotics, chemotherapeutics and CNS active drugs). 7 Toxins in food (especially aflatoxin 8 , Viruses, bacteria, mushrooms, parasites like amoebas etc. may also infect the liver. 9 According to American Gastroentorogical institutes official journal "Gastroenterology" recent survey has reported that they are 13% deaths has reported due to antibiotics and stated has "Idiosyncratic Drug Induced Liver Injury". Herbal plants which contain wide variety of phytoconstituents which acts as a protective barrier for the liver and includes-monoterpenes, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, organic acids, lipids 10 Several Indian medicinal plants have been extensively used in the Indian traditional system of medicine for the management of liver disorders. In India over 40 polyherbal commercial formulations reputed to have hepatoprotective action is being used. Scrutiny of the literature indicates that 160 phyto-constituents from 101 plants belonging to 52 plant families have antihepatotoxic activity. 11 In the present study, the fruits of Cordia obliqua were selected for evaluation of pharmacological activity and to identify the chemical constituents. Cordia obliqua Willd plant is a genus of flowering plants in the borage family, Boraginaceae. It contains about 300 species of shrubs and trees, which are found worldwide, mostly in warmer regions. It is a medium-sized deciduous tree and very vigorous in growth. Many of the species are commonly called manjack, Clammy Cherry, glue berries, sebesten, or snotty gobbles. According to traditional system, it possesses anthelmintic, purgative, diuretic, expectorant, antipyretic, hepatoprotective and analgesic action. The fruits are edible and used as pickle, vegetable, raw, cooked. They lessen thirst and the scalding of the urine, remove pain from the joints and the burning of the throat and are also effective in treating the diseases of the spleen. 12 It was found that fruits are traditionally used for the treatment of hepatic disorders. 13,14 The leaves of Cordia obliqua were investigated for hepatoprotective. 15 Analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory activities. 16 Since the fruits were ABSTRACT Background: Cordia obliqua Willd plant is a genus of flowering pl...

A review on traditional uses and applications of Cordia spp. (Boraginaceae) as a natural polymer in the development of food and pharmaceutical products

“…Results of this study show a percentage of 81.22% of anti-implantation activity in female rats, which demonstrates such activity. Fruits of this specie showed positive outcomes as a hepatoprotective agent in rats, exhibiting non-toxicity at doses up to 3000 mg/kg body weight (Tharun et al 2020). ).…”