Toxicity Concerns of Therapeutic Nanomaterials

Singla, Rubbel; Sharma, Chhavi; Shukla, Ashish K.; Acharya, Amitabha

doi:10.1166/jnn.2019.16502

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…10 Biochemical parameters have a significant role in determining toxicity because changes in their levels are considered as one of the best general indicator of the toxicity. [29][30][31] Moreover, these particular biochemical tests can be easily carried out in most of the diagnostic laboratories. 32 On the other hand, CNPs were known as antioxidants because of their dual redox states on the surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Antioxidant and toxicity studies of biosynthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles in rats</p>

Khorrami

Sadeghnia

Pasdar

et al. 2019

IJN

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute toxic potential of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) synthesized by pullulan in adult male Wistar rats. Patients and methods Thirty male Wistar rats randomly were divided into five experimental groups of six animals each. The animals were received 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg CNPs for 14 consecutive days. At the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized and histopathological evaluation of the liver and renal tissues, as well ass, the markers of serum oxidative stress including thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, total sulfhydryl content, and antioxidant capacity (using ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay) were assessed. Hematological parameters and the activity of liver function enzymes were also measured. Results The results of this study showed that CNPs caused no significant changes in the activity of liver enzymes, hepatic and renal histopathology and hematological parameters, while significantly improved serum redox status. Conclusion Acute administration of pullulan-mediated CNPs is safe and possess antioxidant activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Antioxidant and toxicity studies of biosynthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles in rats</p>

Khorrami

Sadeghnia

Pasdar

et al. 2019

IJN

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“…To perform the desired biomedical function, NPs often must be able to pass across lipid biomembranes to reach specific subcellular targets. However, this NP translocation may result in undesirable membrane perturbations and dysregulation of biochemical processes which can lead to severe cell damage and even cell death [4][5][6][7] .…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanomodulation of Lipid Membranes by Weakly Aggregating Silver Nanoparticles

et al. 2019

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have wide-ranging applications, including as additives in consumer products and in medical diagnostics and therapy. Therefore, understanding how AgNPs interact with biological systems is important for ascertaining any potential health risks due to the likelihood of high levels of human exposure. Besides any severe, acute effects, it is desirable to understand more subtle interactions that could lead to milder, chronic health impacts. Nanoparticles are small enough to be able to enter biological cells and interfere with their internal biochemistry. The initial contact between the nanoparticle and cell is at the plasma membrane. To gain fundamental mechanistic insight into AgNP–membrane interactions, we investigate these phenomena in minimal model systems using a wide range of biophysical approaches applied to lipid vesicles. We find a strong dependence on the medium composition, where colloidally stable AgNPs in a glucose buffer have a negligible effect on the membrane. However, at physiological salt concentrations, the AgNPs start to weakly aggregate and sporadic but significant membrane perturbation events are observed. Under these latter conditions, transient poration and structural remodeling of some vesicle membranes are observed. We observe that the fluidity of giant vesicle membranes universally decreases by an average of 16% across all vesicles. However, we observe a small population of vesicles that display a significant change in their mechanical properties with lower bending rigidity and higher membrane tension. Therefore, we argue that the isolated occurrences of membrane perturbation by AgNPs are due to low-probability mechanomodulation by AgNP aggregation at the membrane.

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“…22,29-34 In an aqueous solution, pristine C 60 forms nanosize clusters. 35,36 Additionally, water-soluble pristine C 60 is non-toxic in in vitro and in vivo systems at least at low concentrations 37,38 and can be accumulated in liver. 39 Therefore, it is suggested to be a potential treatment of this organ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble pristine C60 fullerene attenuates acetaminophen-induced liver injury

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Oxidative stress has been suggested as the main trigger and pathological mechanism of toxic liver injury. Effects of powerful free radical scavenger С60 fullerene on rat liver injury and liver cells (HepG2 line) were aimed to be discovered. Methods: Acute liver injury (ALI) was simulated by single acetaminophen (APAP, 1000 mg/kg) administration, on a chronic CLI, by 4 weekly APAP administrations. Pristine C60 fullerene aqueous colloid solution (C60FAS; initial concentration 0.15 mg/mL) was administered per os or intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg (ALI) or 0.25 mg/kg (CLI) daily for 2 or 28 days, respectively, after first APAP dose. Animals were sacrificed at 24th hour after the last dose. Biochemical markers of blood serum and liver autopsies were analyzed. EGFR expression in HepG2 cells after 48-hour incubation with C60FAS was assessed. Results: Increase of serum conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin (up to 1.4-3.7 times), ALT (by 31-37%), and AST (by 18%) in non-treated ALI and CLI rats were observed, suggesting the hepatitis (confirmed by histological analysis). Liver morphological state (ALI, CLI), ALT (ALI and CLI), bilirubin (CLI), α-amylase, and creatinine (ALI) were normalized with C60FAS administration in both ways, which may indicate its protective impact on liver. However, unconjugated bilirubin sharply increased in ALI animals receiving C60FAS (up to 12 times compared to control), suggesting the augmentation of bilirubin metabolism. Furthermore, C60FAS inhibited EGFR expression in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: C60FAS could partially correct acute and chronic toxic liver injury, however, it could not normalize bilirubin metabolism after acute exposure.

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Toxicity Concerns of Therapeutic Nanomaterials

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

<p>Antioxidant and toxicity studies of biosynthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles in rats</p>

<p>Antioxidant and toxicity studies of biosynthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles in rats</p>

Mechanomodulation of Lipid Membranes by Weakly Aggregating Silver Nanoparticles

Water-soluble pristine C60 fullerene attenuates acetaminophen-induced liver injury

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