Toxicity evaluation of cypermethrin, glyphosate, and malathion, on two indigenous zooplanktonic species

Abstract

In Aguascalientes, Mexico, there is a special concern about pesticides because of their intensive use on guava production areas, which are located in the vicinity of water reservoirs; thus, non-target organisms could be exposed. Thereafter, the aim of this work was to assess the effect of cypermethrin, Faena® (glyphosate), and malathion, which are the most used pesticides in Aguascalientes' guava production, on the indigenous freshwater species Alona guttata (cladoceran) and Lecane papuana (rotifer). Acute 48-h toxicity tests were carried out, and LC values were calculated. Then, five sublethal concentrations (1/80, 1/40, 1/20, 1/10, and 1/5 of the respective LC) were selected for the chronic assays: (a) intrinsic growth rate analysis in the rotifer and (b) partial life table analysis in the cladoceran. The results of the acute toxicity tests showed that A. guttata was more sensitive to malathion (LC = 5.26 × 10 mg/L) at concentrations found in natural environments with continuous application on guava fields, whereas L. papuana was more sensitive to Faena® (LC = 19.89 mg/L). The somatic growth of A. guttata was inhibited for the chronic exposure to cypermethrin. In addition, cypermethrin and Faena® seemed to exert endocrine disruptive effects on A. guttata. Moreover, malathion chronic exposure significantly decreased the survival of A. guttata. Moreover, L. papuana was affected chronically for the three pesticides.

Differential effects on the toxicity and bioconcentration of hexavalent and trivalent chromium on the rotifer Lecane papuana (Rotifera: Monogononta)

“…This contribution assessed the CrIII and CrVI acute and chronic effects on L. papuana, including acute and lethal body burdens and bioconcentrations factors to aid answering questions on the fate and potential environmental effects of chromium in non-target organisms. Our results suggest that L. papuana presents similar sensitivity to toxicants than other model organisms like the cladocerans, moreover offers the advantage to assess the effect of contaminants in the sedimentwater interphase, preferably on subtropical and tropical environments (Garza-León et al 2017) Acute toxicity tests.…”

“…Daphnia magna)(Martínez-Jerónimo et al 2008), at least to assess the effect of metal ions like CrIII and CrVI. Moreover, it has been described that this rotifer species is also susceptible to the effects of pesticides at environmental concern concentrations(Garza-León et al 2017).…”

Toxicity and Hazards of Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Sunscreens to Aquatic Life of Quintana Roo, Mexico

“…For the creation of monoclonal cultures of zooplankton, we followed the standardized protocols of Lopez-Gutiérrez et al [16], Pérez-Legaspi et al [17] and Garza-León et al [18].…”

Acute Toxicity of Herbicides on the Survival of Adult Shrimp, Artemia Franciscana

“…Glyphosate is a non-selective herbicide that is generally used in agriculture for the control or destruction of herbaceous plants by altering their protein synthesis [6]. Also, this herbicide is used in fish-ponds, lakes, canals and slow running waters [7]. Due to changes in metabolic, oxidative and hematological factors, glyphosate is able to change the biological stability and cause damage to non-target organisms [6,7].…”

“…Also, this herbicide is used in fish-ponds, lakes, canals and slow running waters [7]. Due to changes in metabolic, oxidative and hematological factors, glyphosate is able to change the biological stability and cause damage to non-target organisms [6,7].…”