Toxicity level of the tulathromycin on BHK cell culture and the effect on infective titers of foot and mouth disease viruses

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of tulathromycin (macrolide antibiotic) on BHK-21 An30 cells and to determine the effect on FMD (Serotypes; A/TUR/11, O/TUR/07, Asia-1/TUR/15) virus propagation in vitro. In the result of MTT tests and cell culture studies, the non-toxic upper concentration of the tulathromycin limit for BHK-21 An30 cell culture was determined as 30 µg/ml in terms of cell morphologies and numbers. The mean FMD 146S virus particle values produced in BHK-21 An30 cell cultures containing 30 µg/ml of tulathromycin were found to be 0.47, 0.57 and 0.25 µg/ml; the mean infective titer determined as 107.03, 106.23 and 107.40 pfu/ml for A/TUR/11, O/TUR/07 and Asia-1/TUR/15, respectively. In the FMD virus cultures produced with medium containing penicillin-streptomycin, the mean values of 146S virus particles were determined to be A/TUR/11, O/TUR/07 and the Asia-1/TUR/15 serotypes were 0.50, 0.55, and 0.32 µg/ml, respectively, while the mean infective titers were 107.46, 106.62 and 107.73 pfu/ml, respectively. As a result, it was concluded that tulathromycin can be used as an antibiotic up to 30 µg/ml in a BHK-21 An30 cell culture and in the production media of the FMD virus A, O, and Asia-1 serotypes.