Toxicity of Chromium to Activated Sludge

Vaňková, Šárka; Kupec, J.; Hoffmann, J.

doi:10.1006/eesa.1998.1703

Cited by 63 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Juliastuti et al (2003) established the effects of heavy metals on the net maximum specific growth rate of the autotrophic biomass by oxygen uptake rate measurements and found that Cu(II) had stronger inhibitory effects than Zn(II). Vankova et al (1999) reported that one hour IC 50 value of Cr(VI) was in the range of 40-90 mg l -1 , whereas Madoni et al (1999), reported that one hour exposure of activated sludge to 100 mg l -1 Cr(VI) (as initial concentration) reduced the OUR only by 21.5%. In a similar study conducted by Gutierrez et al (2002), 3-h IC 50 levels for Cr(VI), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) were calculated as 19, 56, 34 and 32 mg l -1 , respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Influence of the activated sludge system configuration on heavy metal toxicity reduction

Alkan

Eleren

Nalbur

et al. 2007

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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The effect of configuration of activated sludge systems on heavy metal toxicity was investigated. Two bench-scale completely mixed activated sludge systems were operated identically in order to determine the toxic effects of Cr(VI), Zn(II) and industrial wastewater on the activated sludge biomass. One system was operated with an aerobic selector and the other without. Batch experiments based on OECD 209 (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) were performed using a respirometer to find out potential toxicity reduction effect of an aerobic selector. The IC 50 (concentration of a chemical that exhibits 50% respiration inhibition) values of Cr(VI), Zn(II) and industrial wastewater in the activated sludge were determined. Results indicated that the heavy metals and industrial wastewater caused less inhibitory effect on the selector activated sludge system in comparison to the conventional activated sludge system. Cr(VI) was found to exert higher inhibition on both systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Influence of the activated sludge system configuration on heavy metal toxicity reduction

Alkan

Eleren

Nalbur

et al. 2007

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…3 indicates, inhibition of respiration rate for TPhT increases during the "rst hours of the exposure and then remains approximately constant. This behavior has been observed for other toxic substances (Vankova et al, 1999;Madoni et al, 1999) and is probably due to factors such as acclimation of microorganisms, biodegradation, and adsorption of organotin compounds on #ocs of sludge. Acclimation of activated sludge to TBTO has already been reported (Argaman et al, 1984).…”

Section: Ewect Of Exposure Time On Inhibition Of Respiration Ratementioning

confidence: 78%

“…In some cases, it was reported that an increase in the concentration of suspended solids reduced the observed inhibition (Vankova et al, 1999). However, Lewandowski et al (1985) reported that the concentration of activated sludge had no in#uence on the value of K .…”

Section: Ewect Of Concentration Of Activated Sludge On Inhibition Of mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Inhibition of activated sludge by toxic compounds can be evaluated by calculating the inhibition of respiration rate (Lewandowski et al, 1985;Vankova et al, 1999;Madoni et al, 1999), the e!ect on kinetic parameters of the activated sludge process (Cabrero et al, 1998;Yetis et al, 1999), the inhibition of enzymatic activity (Strotmann et al, 1992), and the e!ect on activation process e$ciency (Bagby and Sherrard, 1981;Gokcay and Yetis, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicity of Organotin Compounds to Activated Sludge

Stasinakis

Thomaidis

Lekkas

2001

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…The toxic effects of heavy metals have been studied mostly with respect to the activated sludge [2,10,11].…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heavy Metals on Self-Purification Processes in Rivers

Malá

Malý²

2009

Appl Ecol Env Res

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Abstract. The inhibitory effects of heavy metals on self-purification processes in surface water were studied. Toxicities of the metals were evaluated on the grounds of the results of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) test in river water. The BOD inhibitions depended on the concentrations of metals and on the incubation time. After one day's incubation, a full inhibition was found to be caused by Ag at all tested concentrations above 0.02 mg.l -1 for Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu above 1 mg.l -1 , for Be above 2 mg.l -1 , and for Co, Ni, and Sn II above 5 mg.l -1 . A strong inhibitory effect ranging from 50 to 80% was observed for Cd (from 0.2 to 0.7 mg.l -1 ), Cu (from 0.4 to 1.0 mg.l -1 ), Be (from 0.5 to 2.0 mg.l -1 ), Zn (from 1.2 to 5.0 mg.l -1 ), Sn II (from 2.2 to 4.2 mg.l -1 ), and Cr VI (above 4 mg.l -1 ). As III , As V , Mn II , Se IV and Se VI did not cause any BOD inhibition to 2 mg.l -1 (As) res. 5 mg.l -1 (other metals). The inhibitory effect of metals decreased significantly or disappeared with increasing incubation time. Being observed with all metals with toxic effects except for Be, Sn II , and Cr III , the decrease was more intense at the beginning of the incubation period.

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Toxicity of Chromium to Activated Sludge

Cited by 63 publications

References 6 publications

Influence of the activated sludge system configuration on heavy metal toxicity reduction

Influence of the activated sludge system configuration on heavy metal toxicity reduction

Toxicity of Organotin Compounds to Activated Sludge

Effect of Heavy Metals on Self-Purification Processes in Rivers

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