TOXICITY OF INSECTICIDES USED IN MUSKMELON ON FIRST-INSTAR LARVAE OF Chrysoperla genanigra FREITAS (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE)

Abstract

-Brazil is one of the world's largest producers of melon (Cucumis melo L.), and Rio Grande do Norte and Ceará are the largest producers states of the country (99% of exports). This crop had great socioeconomic importance in the Brazilian Northeast, however, it is affected by insect pests and consequently, large amounts of pesticides are applied to it, which greatly affect beneficial organisms, such as Chrysopidae. This bioassay evaluated the toxicity of nine insecticides used in commercial crops of muskmelon, applied to firstinstar larvae of Chrysoperla genanigra of up to 24-hour-old, from mass rearing cultures. Sublethal effects were evaluated, classifying the insecticides into the toxicity classes recommended by the IOBC. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of ten treatments (clothianidin, pymetrozine, lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole, indoxacarb, pyriproxyfen, beta-cyfluthrin+imidacloprid, imidacloprid, beta-cypermethrin and a control consisted of distilled water). The treatments consisted of exposure of thirty larvae to dry residues of each product in Petri dishes, assessing their mortality, duration of instars, sex ratio, fecundity and viability of eggs from adults of the insects evaluated. The products were classified in toxicity classes as harmful (Class 4) (clothianidin, pymetrozine, indoxacarb, lambda-cyhalothrin, beta-cyfluthrin+imidacloprid, imidacloprid, betacypermethrin and pyriproxyfen) and innocuous (Class 1) (chlorantraniliprole) to first-instar larvae of C. genanigra, by calculate their total effect. Based on this work, chlorantraniliprole is the only recommended insecticide for use in integrated pest management (IPM) programs in muskmelon crops.Keywords: Green lacewings. Predator. Cucurbitaceae, MIP. TOXICIDADE DE INSETICIDAS UTILIZADOS NO MELOEIRO SOBRE PRIMEIRO INSTAR DEChrysoperla genanigra FREITAS (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) RESUMO -O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de melão (Cucumis melo L.), tendo os estados do Rio Grande do Norte e Ceará os maiores representantes (99% das exportações), com enorme relevância do ponto de vista socioeconômico para a região nordeste. No entanto, a cultura é acometida por insetos-praga, razão pela qual grandes quantidades de agrotóxicos são necessárias os quais afetam sobremaneira organismos benéficos como os crisopídeos. O bioensaio avaliou a toxicidade de nove inseticidas utilizados comercialmente na cultura do meloeiro, aplicados sobre primeiro instar larval de Chrysoperla genanigra, avaliando, inclusive, efeitos subletais, categorizando os inseticidas em classes de toxicidade preconizadas pela IOBC. Foram utilizadas larvas com até 24h de idade, oriundas de criação massal. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, composto por dez tratamentos: clotianidina, pimetrozina, lambda-cialotrina, clorantraniliprole, indoxacarbe, piriproxifem, beta-ciflutrina + imidaclopride, imidaclopride, beta-cipermetrina e a testemunha constituída de água destilada. Cada tratamento consistiu na exposição de trinta larvas aos resíduos ...

Comparative toxicity of certain insecticides against Chrysoperla Spp. (Neuroptera: chrysopidae) under laboratory conditions

“…(2014) [23,5] reported that undesirable effect of thiamethoxam against C. carnea which decreased 31.00 and 26.67 per cent 3 rd instar larval mortality. Silva et al (2017) [28] classified lambda cyhalothrin as harmful (Class 4) in toxicity classes which is line with the present findings.…”

Crisopídeos (Insecta, Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) Da Área De Proteção Ambiental (Apa) Municipal Tartarugas, Anchieta, Espírito Santo

“…Piriproxifem belongs to the group of juvenile hormone analogues, it is a juvenile hormone agonist (MIRANDA; BORTOLI; TAKAHASHI, 2012), it prolongs the young phase, which explains the time of the third larval instance, since, pyriproxifem has a slow toxicity initially, but prolonged, delaying the lethal effect on insects (MARI; GUERREIRO, 2015). Silva et al (2017) reported similar results in time delay in third instance larvae when first instar larvae of Chrysoperla genanigra were contaminated with pyriproxifen.…”

“…The lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide was classified as slightly harmful to third instance larvae of Chrysoperla carnea (MAIA et al, 2016), for the first instance larvae of C. externa, the same insecticide was classified as harmful in this study. Silva et al (2017) evaluating the same insecticides analyzed in this study found another classification for pimetrozine (noxious), applied in larvae of the first instance of C.…”

Chemical and biological products used in sugarcane and their effect on Trichogramma galloi

“…Stecca et al (2014) stated that chlorantraniliprole acts more specifically on phytophagous insects, mainly of the order Lepidoptera. This molecule has been reported as innocuous for various natural enemies (Silva et al, 2017(Silva et al, , 2018 although we observed T. galloi mortality by its residue. Based on our results and those in the relevant literature, tests under semi-field and field conditions must be developed to analyze the action of chlorantraniliprole against non-target organisms, as biocontrol agents are often more sensitive to insecticides than pest insects (Talebi et al, 2008).…”