Toxicity of Three Polyethoxylated Tallowamine Surfactant Formulations to Laboratory and Field Collected Fairy Shrimp, Thamnocephalus platyurus

Brausch, John M.; Smith, Philip

doi:10.1007/s00244-006-0151-y

Cited by 110 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In previous experiments done with the same three surfactants, SurfonicÒ T-15 appeared to be most toxic (2.14 lg/L) to T. platyurus while SurfonicÒ T-5 was least toxic (5.5 lg/L; Brausch and Smith., 2007). As compared to this study, T. platyurus nauplii are 400 times more sensitive to POEA surfactants than D. magna.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and Sub-Lethal Toxicity of Three POEA Surfactant Formulations to Daphnia magna

Brausch

Beall

Smith

2007

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Polyethoxylated tallowamine (POEA) is a non-ionic surfactant used in many herbicide formulations to increase the ability of active ingredients to penetrate leaf cuticles. However, it has also been shown to disrupt respiratory membranes in aquatic organisms. In this study, Daphnia magna was used to examine the lethal and sub-lethal toxicity of three POEA formulations consisting of 5:1, 10:1, and 15:1 average oxide:tallowamine. The formulation consisting of 10:1 was the most acutely toxic with a 48-h LC50 value of 97.0 microg/L and 15:1 was least toxic at 849.4 microg/L. All formulations inhibited growth at concentrations between 100 and 500 microg/L.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and Sub-Lethal Toxicity of Three POEA Surfactant Formulations to Daphnia magna

Brausch

Beall

Smith

2007

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…Due to its high solubility in water and extensive use in the environment, the harmful effects of glyphosate on aquatic organisms are of great concern (Cavas and Könen 2007). However, several studies have indicated that the toxic effect of glyphosate is not only in its active principle, but mainly in polyoxyethylene amine surfactant (POEA), which is present in its most common commercial formulation, Roundup (Mann and Bidwell 1999, Perkins et al 2000, Howe et al 2004, Cox and Surgan 2006, Brausch and Smith 2007.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The agricultural impact of pesticides on Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles (Amphibia: Anura) ascertained by comet assay

Gonçalves¹,

Gambale²,

Godoy³

et al. 2017

Zoologia

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ABSTRACT. Amphibians inhabiting agricultural areas are constantly exposed to large amounts of chemicals, which reach the aquatic environment during the rainy season through runoff, drainage, and leaching. We performed a comet assay on the erythrocytes of tadpoles found in the surroundings of agricultural fields (soybean and corn crops), where there is an intense release of several kinds of pesticides in different quantities. We aimed to detect differences in the genotoxic parameters between populations collected from soybeans and cornfields, and between them and tadpoles sampled from non-agricultural areas (control group). Tadpoles collected from ponds located at soybean fields had significantly more DNA damage, followed by tadpoles collected from cornfields. In contrast, animals sampled from non-agricultural areas had the lowest incidence of DNA damage. In addition, we found a negative correlation between the parameters of the comet assay and the area of the ponds surrounding soybean. This correlation indicates a possible dilution effect in the concentration of pesticides. Finally, Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 seems to be a good bioindicator for detecting the genotoxic effects of field agricultural insecticides; therefore, we suggest that this species should be used in environmental biomonitoring studies, since it is common and abundant where it occurs.

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“…Entre estos adyuvantes, los más comunes son los surfactantes, y en el caso de Roundup® el más ampliamente usado es la polioxietilenamina o tallow amina polietoxilada, un surfactante no iónico con el potencial de afectar adversamente los organismos acuáticos en áreas en las cuales es usado (20).…”

Section: Figuraunclassified

“…Pese a esta información, la preocupación sobre los efectos adversos potenciales de los herbicidas basados en glifosato persiste ya que un número de estudios recientes in vivo en animales muestran que han causado efectos tóxicos en las diferentes especies que han sido expuestas experimentalmente al glifosato, a las formulaciones comerciales que lo contienen, y a uno de sus principales adyuvantes, el surfactante polioxietilenamina o tallow amina polietoxilada (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

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Citotoxicidad del glifosato en células mononucleares de sangre periférica humana

Martínez

Reyes

2007

biomedica

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Introducción. El glifosato es un herbicida de amplio espectro, no selectivo, utilizado comúnmente en agricultura para eliminar malezas. Los estudios que han evaluado la toxicidad del glifosato en animales y en ambiente muestran que las formulaciones comerciales son más tóxicas que el componente activo. Objetivos. Evaluar la toxicidad del glifosato grado técnico y de la formulación comercial Roundup® en células mononucleares de sangre periférica humana. Materiales y métodos. Células mononucleares de sangre periférica humana fueron expuestas a diferentes concentraciones de glifosato en grado técnico y en la forma de Roundup® por 24, 48, 72 y 96 horas. La citotoxicidad se evaluó mediante el método de exclusión con azul de tripano y reducción del reactivo sal sódica de (2,3-bis[2-metoxi-4-nitro-5-sulfofenil]-2Htetrazolio-5-carboxianilida) (XTT). Resultados. Ambas presentaciones del glifosato (grado técnico y Roundup®) fueron tóxicas para las células mononucleares de sangre periférica humana. Roundup® fue más citotóxico que el glifosato grado técnico, ya que se encontró que la concentración letal 50 (LC 50 ) analizada con el método de exclusión con azul de tripano a las 24 horas fue de 56,4 µg/ml de glifosato en la forma de Roundup® y de 1.640 mg/ml (1,64 µg/ml) para glifosato grado técnico. Conclusiones. Los resultados de este estudio in vitro confirman el efecto tóxico para las células humanas observado para el glifosato y sus preparaciones comerciales, y que estas últimas son más citotóxicas que el compuesto activo, lo que apoya la idea de que los aditivos presentes en las formulaciones comerciales juegan un papel crucial en la toxicidad atribuida a los herbicidas que contienen glifosato.Palabras clave: pruebas inmunológicas de citotoxicidad, herbicidas, células sanguíneas, supervivencia celular, azul de tripano, sales de tetrazolio. Cytotoxicity of the herbicide glyphosate in human peripheral blood mononuclear cellsIntroduction. Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum, non-selective herbicide and commonly used to eliminate weeds in agricultural and forest settings. Studies evaluating glyphosate toxicity in animals and environment show that commercial formulations of glyphosate are more toxic than the active component itself. Objectives. Technical grade glyphosate was compared with the commercial formulation Roundup® in their respective toxicities on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Materials and methods. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate, either technical grade or in the form of Roundup for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h. Cytotoxicity was assayed by trypan blue dye exclusion method and reduction of (2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2Htetrazolium-5-carboxyanilide inner salt) XTT reagent. Results. Both technical grade glyphosate and Roundup® formulation were toxic to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cytotoxicity of Roundup® was higher than cytotoxicity of glyphosate, since the LC 50 (50% lethal concentration) determined by the trypan blue ex...

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Toxicity of Three Polyethoxylated Tallowamine Surfactant Formulations to Laboratory and Field Collected Fairy Shrimp, Thamnocephalus platyurus

Cited by 110 publications

References 19 publications

Acute and Sub-Lethal Toxicity of Three POEA Surfactant Formulations to Daphnia magna

Acute and Sub-Lethal Toxicity of Three POEA Surfactant Formulations to Daphnia magna

The agricultural impact of pesticides on Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles (Amphibia: Anura) ascertained by comet assay

Citotoxicidad del glifosato en células mononucleares de sangre periférica humana

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