Toxicity Studies with Octafluorocyclobutane

Clayton, J. W.; Delaplane, M. A.; Hood, Dorothy B.

doi:10.1080/00028896009344090

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…However, it is difficult to correlate a vitamin C deficiency with toxic manifestations of exposure of humans to chloroprene as reported by von Oettingen (169). Octafluorocyc1obutane toxicity studies were reported by Clayton et al (412). The study was designed to demonstrate the safety of this gas in food products.…”

Section: Toxicological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Smaller Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

Chenoweth¹,

Hake²

1962

Annu. Rev. Pharmacol.

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Section: Toxicological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Smaller Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

Chenoweth¹,

Hake²

1962

Annu. Rev. Pharmacol.

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“…. [9], the a-values tor the alkanes are from [12] and the a-values for the perfluorocarbons are from [13] and were determined [13] using the method of [14].…”

Section: The Role Of the Electron Impact Ionization Cross Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High voltage research (breakdown strengths of gaseous and liquid insulators). Semiannual report, October 1, 1977--March 31, 1978. [Summaries of research activities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory]

Christophorou¹,

James²,

Pai³

et al. 1978

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The work on gas mixtures is focusing on combinations of gases consisting of strongly electron-attaching components and one or more electron slowing-down components. Hypotheses based on the positions of electronically excited states are borne out experimentally in the low pressure (<1000 torr) breakdown measurements. The high pressure work shows dramatically the .importance of the electron scattering cross section on breakdown strength by comparing Ar with Ne as single gases and in mixtures with SF 6 • Although the ionization cross secti.on for Ar is very much greater than that for Ne, Ar is a superior buffer gas. A theoretical discussion is given which describes the relationship between the dielectric strength of a gas to tts• physi:cal parameters including the electron attachment cross sectirin, the ionization cross section, the ionization potential,and the electron energy distribution function. Also discussed is the importance of perfluorination in hydrocarbons to effect an increase in the electron attachment cross section and electron affinity and.a decrease in the ionization cross section, and hence an increase in dielectric strength. Attachment rates have been measured as a function of the mean electron energy for a comprehensive list of perfluorocarbons which include 1,3-C 4 F 6 , 2-C 4 F 6 , cC 4 F 6 , cC 5 F 8 , cC 6 F 10 , C 6 F 12 , C 7 F 8 , and. C 8 F 16 • Unfolded cross sections for electron attachment as a function of electron energy, cra.(e:), were determined for cC 5 F 8 , cC 6 F 10 , and the three C 4 F 6 isomers. These data show that perfluoro.compounds have high cra(e:) up to 1.5 eV and that these are principally responsible for their high dielectric strengths. Mixtures of SFG, cC 4 F 8 , 2-C 4 F 0 ,and 2-C 4 F 6 with N 2 have been examined,

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“…Although OFCB has not been clinically approved for human inhalation, it has no adverse effects based on inhalation. 17 Previous reports by Wolf et al 18 and Friedrich et al 19 used OFCB for the visualization of inert gas washout during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Recently, the first spin-echo images of human lungs using OFCB were acquired at 0.5T.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these factors make OFCB a promising candidate for 19 F lung MRI. Although OFCB has not been clinically approved for human inhalation, it has no adverse effects based on inhalation 17 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of fluorine‐19 magnetic resonance imaging of the lungs using octafluorocyclobutane in a rat model

Shepelytskyi

Grynko

et al. 2020

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Purpose To test octafluorocyclobutane (OFCB) as an inhalation contrast agent for fluorine‐19 MRI of the lung, and to compare the image quality of OFCB scans with perfluoropropane (PFP) scans Theory and Methods After normalizing for the number of signal averages, a theoretical comparison between the OFCB signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and PFP SNR predicted the average SNR advantage of 90% using OFCB during gradient echo imaging. The OFCB relaxometry was conducted using single‐voxel spectroscopy and spin‐echo imaging. A comparison of OFCB and PFP SNRs was performed in vitro and in vivo. Five healthy Sprague‐Dawley rats were imaged during single breath‐hold and continuous breathing using a Philips Achieva 3.0T MRI scanner (Philips, Andover, MA). The scan time was constant for both gases. Statistical comparison between PFP and OFCB scans was conducted using a paired t test and by calculating the Bayes factor. Results Spin‐lattice (T1) and effective spin‐spin (T2∗) relaxation time constants of the pure OFCB gas were determined as 28.5 ± 1.2 ms and 10.5 ± 1.8 ms, respectively. Mixing with 21% of oxygen decreased T1 by 30% and T2∗ by 20%. The OFCB in vivo images showed 73% higher normalized SNR on average compared with images acquired using PFP. The statistical significance was shown by both paired t test and calculated Bayes factors. The experimental results agree with theoretical calculations within the error of the relaxation parameter measurements. Conclusion The quality of the lung images acquired using OFCB was significantly better compared with PFP scans. The OFCB images had higher a SNR and were artifact‐free.

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Toxicity Studies with Octafluorocyclobutane

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

The Smaller Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

The Smaller Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

High voltage research (breakdown strengths of gaseous and liquid insulators). Semiannual report, October 1, 1977--March 31, 1978. [Summaries of research activities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory]

Evaluation of fluorine‐19 magnetic resonance imaging of the lungs using octafluorocyclobutane in a rat model

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