Toxicological assessment of crude palm oil (&lt;em&gt;Elaeis&lt;/em&gt; guineensis Jacq.) used in deep frying of akara (cowpea paste finger food)

Felzenszwalb, Israel; Mazzei, José Luiz; Feitosa, Sabrina; Aiub, Cláudia Alessandra Fortes; Almeida, Deusdélia Teixeira de

doi:10.3989/gya.086913

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…It is used in more than 150 countries (USDA, 2018). However, studies on crude palm oil (CPO), especially those regarding physicochemical changes during frying are scarce (Felzenszwalb et al, 2014;Almeida et al, 2015;2017;Correia et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A real case study on the physicochemical changes in crude palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) during the deep-frying of akara, traditional cowpea-paste balls, in Brazil

et al. 2019

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical changes in crude palm oil during a real case of deep-frying of akara, cowpea-paste balls, fried and sold in the streets of Brazil. Discontinuous frying over five consecutive days, using 5-h frying a day, was performed according to traditional practices. The formation of polar compounds was evaluated by the IUPAC official method and by quick tests based on measures of physical properties, Testo 270 and Fri-check. In addition, 1H-NMR spectroscopy was applied to evaluate physicochemical changes. The results showed that after 15-h frying the total content of polar compounds (TPC) exceeded the limit of 25% established in most of the recommendations and regulations on heated oils. Such a level was reached quickly due to the high content of hydrolytic compounds present in the fresh oil and to the inappropriate use of blends of fresh and used oil in the oil replenishment. The two quick tests presented significantly lower values for TPC than the official method, probably due to the elevated hydrolysis of the fresh oil. In contrast, 1H-NMR results exhibited changes in the fatty acid composition which were similar to those provided by the common GC analysis. The use of crude palm oils of better initial quality and replenishment with fresh oil only are recommended to improve the quality of the oil absorbed by akara.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A real case study on the physicochemical changes in crude palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) during the deep-frying of akara, traditional cowpea-paste balls, in Brazil

et al. 2019

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The formation, determination and health implications of polar compounds in edible oils: Current status, challenges and perspectives

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2021

Food Chemistry

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Antioxidant Activity and Genotoxic Assessment of Crabwood (Andiroba, Carapa guianensis Aublet) Seed Oils

Araújo-Lima

Fernandes

Gomes

et al. 2018

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The seed oil of Carapa guianensis (Aublet), a tree from the Meliaceae family commonly known as andiroba, is widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine because of its multiple curative properties against fever and rheumatism and as an anti-inflammatory agent, antibacterial agent, and insect repellant. Since there is no consensus on the best way to obtain the C. guianensis oil and due to its ethnomedicinal properties, the aim of the present research was to evaluate the chemical composition, free-radical scavenging activity, and mutagenic and genotoxicity properties of three C. guianensis oils obtained by different extraction methods. The phenolic contents were evaluated by spectrophotometry. Oil 1 was obtained by pressing the dried seeds at room temperature; oil 2 was obtained by autoclaving, drying, and pressing; oil 3 was obtained by Soxhlet extraction at 30–60°C using petroleum ether. The oil from each process presented differential yields, physicochemical properties, and phenolic contents. Oil 1 showed a higher scavenging activity against the DPPH radical when compared to oils 2 and 3, suggesting a significant antioxidant activity. All oils were shown to be cytotoxic to bacteria and to CHO-K1 and RAW264.7 cells. At noncytotoxic concentrations, oil 2 presented mutagenicity to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and induced micronuclei in both cell types. Under the same conditions, oil 3 also induced micronucleus formation. However, the present data demonstrated that oil 1, extracted without using high temperatures, was the safest for use as compared to the other two oils, not showing mutagenicity or micronucleus induction.

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Toxicological assessment of crude palm oil (<em>Elaeis</em> guineensis Jacq.) used in deep frying of akara (cowpea paste finger food)

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

A real case study on the physicochemical changes in crude palm oil (<em>Elaeis guineensis</em>) during the deep-frying of <em>akara</em>, traditional cowpea-paste balls, in Brazil

A real case study on the physicochemical changes in crude palm oil (<em>Elaeis guineensis</em>) during the deep-frying of <em>akara</em>, traditional cowpea-paste balls, in Brazil

The formation, determination and health implications of polar compounds in edible oils: Current status, challenges and perspectives

Antioxidant Activity and Genotoxic Assessment of Crabwood (Andiroba, Carapa guianensis Aublet) Seed Oils

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