Toxicological consequences of aroclor 1254 ingestion by female rhesus (Macaca mulatta) monkeys. Part 2. Reproduction and infant findings

Arnold, Douglas L.; Bryce, F.; McGuire, Peter; Stapley, R.; Tanner, Joanna; Wrenshall, E.; Mes, Jos; Fernie, S.; Tryphonas, Helen; Hayward, Stephen; Malcolm, Scott Α.

doi:10.1016/0278-6915(95)00018-w

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Experimental as well as epidemiological studies have provided evidence that PCBs can adversely impact immune, endocrine and reproductive systems [1][2][3]. Exposure to environmental PCBs has been linked to detrimental impacts on wildlife and monitoring of sentinel populations has been proposed to warn of potential human exposure risk as well as to provide insight into potential human health effects [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaemia, hypothyroidism and immune suppression associated with polychlorinated biphenyl exposure in bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus )

et al. 2011

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), persistent chemicals widely used for industrial purposes, have been banned in most parts of the world for decades. Owing to their bioaccumulative nature, PCBs are still found in high concentrations in marine mammals, particularly those that occupy upper trophic positions. While PCB-related health effects have been well-documented in some mammals, studies among dolphins and whales are limited. We conducted health evaluations of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) near a site on the Georgia, United States coast heavily contaminated by Aroclor 1268, an uncommon PCB mixture primarily comprised of octa-through deca-chlorobiphenyl congeners. A high proportion (26%) of sampled dolphins suffered anaemia, a finding previously reported from primate laboratory studies using high doses of a more common PCB mixture, Aroclor 1254. In addition, the dolphins showed reduced thyroid hormone levels and total thyroxine, free thyroxine and triiodothyronine negatively correlated with PCB concentration measured in blubber (p ¼ 0.039, , 0.001, 0.009, respectively). Similarly, T-lymphocyte proliferation and indices of innate immunity decreased with blubber PCB concentration, suggesting an increased susceptibility to infectious disease. Other persistent contaminants such as DDT which could potentially confound results were similar in the Georgia dolphins when compared with previously sampled reference sites, and therefore probably did not contribute to the observed correlations. Our results clearly demonstrate that dolphins are vulnerable to PCB-related toxic effects, at least partially mediated through the endocrine system. The severity of the effects suggests that the PCB mixture to which the Georgia dolphins were exposed has substantial toxic potential and further studies are warranted to elucidate mechanisms and potential impacts on other top-level predators, including humans, who regularly consume fish from the same marine waters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaemia, hypothyroidism and immune suppression associated with polychlorinated biphenyl exposure in bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus )

et al. 2011

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“…Aroclor 1254 is a mixture of more than one hundred different PCB congeners and may impart cumulative adverse effects on female reproductive health (29,30). In this study, we show that Aroclor 1254 exposure induces preterm birth in IL-10 Ϫ/Ϫ mice with reduced litter size and birth weight, increased amniotic fluid, and postnatal neurocognitive defects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Water Channel Aquaporin 1 Is a Novel Molecular Target of Polychlorinated Biphenyls for in Utero Anomalies

Tewari

Kalkunte

Murray

et al. 2009

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…In fact, for several endpoints the 80 ng/kg-day dose group (the next to the highest of the four dose groups) appears to be a NOAEL. As a result, the software could not find a statistically valid method of fitting the data of Arnold et al (1995); therefore, benchmark dose modeling could not be used to evaluate the study's results.…”

Section: Characterizing the Uncertainty In The Pcb Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To investigate this, benchmark dose model for quantal data (THRESH, ICF Kaiser Engineers, Inc., K.S. Crump Group) was used to analyze the Arnold et al (1995) data on reproductive effects in rhesus monkeys. These data do not monotonically increase.…”

Section: Characterizing the Uncertainty In The Pcb Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Task 3 Report - PCBs in the Environment Near the Oak Ridge Reservation - A Reconstruction of Historical Doses and Health Risks

Price¹,

Widner²,

Bonnevie³

et al. 1999

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Toxicological consequences of aroclor 1254 ingestion by female rhesus (Macaca mulatta) monkeys. Part 2. Reproduction and infant findings

Cited by 48 publications

References 59 publications

Anaemia, hypothyroidism and immune suppression associated with polychlorinated biphenyl exposure in bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus )

Anaemia, hypothyroidism and immune suppression associated with polychlorinated biphenyl exposure in bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus )

The Water Channel Aquaporin 1 Is a Novel Molecular Target of Polychlorinated Biphenyls for in Utero Anomalies

Task 3 Report - PCBs in the Environment Near the Oak Ridge Reservation - A Reconstruction of Historical Doses and Health Risks

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