Toxicological Evaluation of Waste-Water Samples to Appropriately Sensitized Cultured Fathead Minnow Cells Compared with the Microtox Assay

Scheers, E. M.; Wielen, Claire Van der; Dierickx, Paul J.

doi:10.1007/s00128-001-0246-0

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…One possibility is to enhance the sensitivity of in vitro assays. Successful attempts in this direction have been made by Dierickx et al (53,54). Further, it is not realistic to expect a single in vitro assay to replace a complex in vivo test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity Assays with Fish Cells as an Alternative to the Acute Lethality Test with Fish

Segner

2004

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In ecotoxicology, in vitro assays with fish cells are currently applied for mechanistic studies, bioanalytical purposes and toxicity screening. This paper discusses the potential of cytotoxicity assays with fish cells to reduce, refine or replace acute lethality tests using fish. Basal cytotoxicity data obtained with fish cell lines or fish primary cell cultures show a reasonable to good correlation with lethality data from acute toxicity tests, with the exception of compounds that exert a specific mode of toxic action. Basal cytotoxicity data from fish cell lines also correlate well with cytotoxicity data from mammalian cell lines. However, both the piscine and mammalian in vitro assays are clearly less sensitive than the fish test. Therefore, in vivo LC50 values (concentrations of the test compounds that are lethal to 50% of the fish in the experiment within 96 hours) currently cannot be predicted from in vitro values. This in vitro–in vivo difference in sensitivity appears to be true for both fish cell lines and mammalian cell lines. Given the good in vitro–in vivo correlation in toxicity ranking, together with the clear-cut difference in sensitivity, the role of cytotoxicity assays in a tiered alternative testing strategy could be in priority setting in relation to toxic hazard and in the toxicity classification of chemicals and environmental samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity Assays with Fish Cells as an Alternative to the Acute Lethality Test with Fish

Segner

2004

Altern Lab Anim

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“…Dierickx (1998) found cells particularly sensitive if BSO was combined with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) although treatment with SDS was abandoned again in subsequent studies (Scheers et al, 2002). Using BSO pre-exposure, together with the application of a simple culture medium as described above, Dayeh (2004) and Dayeh et al (2005) were able to sensitize the rainbow trout gill cell line, RTgill-W1, such that copper EC50s in the cell line assay were in the same range as lethal effective concentrations (LC50) reported for rainbow trout.…”

Section: Improving Sensitivity By Modifying the Culture Environmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Another effective route to sensitising cells is to add l-buthionine-SR-sulfoximine (BSO) in order to reduce the level of glutathione as a protective peptide (Dierickx, 1998;Maracine and Segner, 1998;Scheers et al, 2002). Dierickx (1998) found cells particularly sensitive if BSO was combined with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) although treatment with SDS was abandoned again in subsequent studies (Scheers et al, 2002).…”

Section: Improving Sensitivity By Modifying the Culture Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal to improve vertebrate cell cultures to establish them as substitutes for the regulatory testing of chemicals and effluents using fish

2006

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“…General sensitivity of Microtox® was higher than that of rotifer mortality and growth inhibition, but lower than that of the sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) fertilization and development bioassay, and seaweed (Ulva pertusa) sporulation rate assay using the same sludge samples (Table 5). However, Scheers et al (2002) reported the sensitivity of Microtox bioassay was comparable with the fish cell line bioassay using cultured fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Rotifer PGR were less sensitive than the neonate mortality test.…”

Section: Toxicity Assay Of Sludge Samplesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Ecotoxicological evaluation of sewage sludge using bioluminescent marine bacteria and rotifer

et al. 2005

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− Bioassay using the marine bacteria, Vibrio fischeri and rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis, and chemical analyses were conducted to assess the toxicity of the various sewage sludges, one of the major ocean dumped materials in the Yellow Sea of Korea. Sludge elutriates extracted by filtered seawater were used to estimate the ecotoxicity of the sludge. Chemical characterization included the analyses of organic contents, heavy metals, and persistent organic pollutants in sludge. Bacterial bioluminescent inhibition (15 min), rotifer mortality (24 hr) and rotifer population growth inhibition (48 hr) assay were conducted to estimate the sludge toxicity. EC50 15 min (inhibition concentration of bioluminescence after 15 minutes exposed) values by Microtox® bioassay clearly revealed different toxicity levels depending on the sludge sources. Highest toxicity for the bacteria was found with the sludge extract from dyeing waste and followed by industrial waste, livestock waste, and leather processing waste. Clear toxic effects on the bacteria were not found in the sludge extract from filtration bed sludge and rural sewage sludge. Consistent with Microtox® results, rotifer neonate mortality and population growth inhibition test also showed highest toxicity in dyeing waste and low in filtration bed and rural sewage sludge. High concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals were measured in the samples from the industrial wastes, leather processing plant waste sludge, and urban sewage sludge. However, there was no significant correlation between pollutant concentration levels and the toxicity values of the sludge. This suggests that the ecotoxicity in addition to the chemical analyses of various sludge samples must be estimated before release of potential harmful waste in the natural environment as part of an ecological risk assessment.

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Toxicological Evaluation of Waste-Water Samples to Appropriately Sensitized Cultured Fathead Minnow Cells Compared with the Microtox Assay

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Cytotoxicity Assays with Fish Cells as an Alternative to the Acute Lethality Test with Fish

Cytotoxicity Assays with Fish Cells as an Alternative to the Acute Lethality Test with Fish

Proposal to improve vertebrate cell cultures to establish them as substitutes for the regulatory testing of chemicals and effluents using fish

Ecotoxicological evaluation of sewage sludge using bioluminescent marine bacteria and rotifer

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