Toxoplasma gondii Pneumonia in a Pancreas Transplant Patient

Munir, Ahmad; Zaman, Mohammad; Eltorky, Mahmoud

doi:10.1097/00007611-200006000-00017

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Yet, toxoplasmosis is an underestimated syndrome and usually detected in autopsy or remains undetected due to the non-specific symptoms and lack of clinical awareness of healthcare individuals (Munir et al, 2000). Toxoplasma organisms are transmitted through consumption of undercooked meat, milk and dairy product contaminated with cysts forms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis complications and novel therapeutic synergism combination of diclazuril plus atovaquone

2014

Front. Microbiol.

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Toxoplasmosis is a major cause of foodborne disease, congenital complication, and morbidity. There is an urgent need for safe and effective therapies to encounter congenital and persisting toxoplasmosis. The hypothesis was: combination diclazuril plus atovaquone to exert a novel therapeutic synergy to prevent toxoplasmosis syndromes.Methods: Pregnant dams were treated with diclazuril and atovaquone monotherapy or combination therapy and infected i.p with Toxoplasma tachyzoites.Results: Infected dams developed severe toxoplasmosis associated syndrome with increases in the abdominal adiposity surrounding uteri, gansterointestinal and other internal organs and excessive weight gain. Numerous organisms along with infiltration of inflammatory cells were detected scattered into adipose tissues. Combination therapy (p < 0.01) and to a lesser extent diclazuril (p < 0.05) protected dams from inflammatory fat and excess weight gains. This was consistent with pancreatitis development in infected dams (versus normal p < 0.05) with infiltration of inflammatory cells, degeneration and necrosis of pancreatic cells followed by the degeneration and loss of islets. Combination and monotherapy protected dams from these inflammatory and pathological aspects of pancreatitis. Infected dams exhibited severe colitis, and colonic tissues significantly shortened in length. Brush border epithelial cells were replaced with infiltration of lymphocytes, granulocytes, and microabscess formations into cryptic microstructures. Combination therapy synergistically preserved colonic structure and normalized pathological damages (p < 0.001) and to a lesser degree diclazuril monotherapy protected dams from colitis (p < 0.05) and gastrointestinal toxoplasmosis. Other complications included severe splenitis (p < 0.001) and hepatitis (p < 0.001) which were normalized with combination therapy.Conclusion: Combination diclazuril plus atovaquone was safe and with a novel therapeutic synergism protected dams and fetuses from toxoplasmosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis complications and novel therapeutic synergism combination of diclazuril plus atovaquone

2014

Front. Microbiol.

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“…It is the second or third most frequent systemic infection among immunodepressed persons after brain and cardiac locations [130,131]. Apart from AIDS [132][133][134][135][136], other processes, such as malign haematological pathologies and organ transplants, are also important causes of pulmonary toxoplasmosis [137][138][139][140][141][142][143]. In the majority of these cases, the most widely accepted hypothesis regarding the development of pulmonary toxoplasmosis is the reactivation of a previously latent infection [144,145], the levels of interferon--c and the activity of alveolar macrophages being important causative factors.…”

Section: Genus Toxoplasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Protozoa in respiratory pathology: a review

Martínez‐Girón¹,

Esteban²,

Ribas³

et al. 2008

Eur Respir J

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Among the micro-organisms that may affect the respiratory apparatus are the protozoa. The diseases they may give rise to constitute a relatively uncommon group of respiratory ailments with, in the majority of cases, an underlying clinical situation corresponding to states of suppressed immunity (AIDS, transplants, malign haemopathies, corticotherapy, etc.). Other factors, such as visits to endemic areas and immigration, also have to be taken into account.In view of the probable increase in the number of cases and the appearance of new emerging diseases, it is the intention of the present work to review the publications available, in different fields of medicine, that refer to the principal kinds of protozoa (Entamoeba,

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“…It is usually discovered in autopsy or remains undetected due to the non-specific symptoms and health care's lack of clinical awareness [3]. Toxoplasmosis can manifest with clinical symptoms of acute or persistent abdominal pain and pancreatitis [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis, Pancreatitis, Obesity and Drug Discovery

2014

Pancreat Disord Ther

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Toxoplasmosis, an infectious and inflammatory syndrome, is one of the most important foodborne diseases causing hospitalization and death in U.S.A. Toxoplasma infects nucleated cells including pancreatic and destroys the β cells. Toxoplasma is a Category B classified infection by CDC and NIH, which once infected the organisms reside in tissues in cysts form for the host's lifelong awaiting reactivation. Congenital toxoplasmosis occurs by transplacental transmission during maternal infection or reactivation of organisms and manifests with spontaneous abortion, or severe physical and mental defects. Currently, there is no safe and effective therapeutic modality against congenital toxoplasmosis or the persistent chronic infection. Here, toxoplasmosis and possible involvement of infection in induction of pancreatitis, and an experimental drug efficacy is discussed.

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Toxoplasma gondii Pneumonia in a Pancreas Transplant Patient

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Toxoplasmosis complications and novel therapeutic synergism combination of diclazuril plus atovaquone

Toxoplasmosis complications and novel therapeutic synergism combination of diclazuril plus atovaquone

Protozoa in respiratory pathology: a review

Toxoplasmosis, Pancreatitis, Obesity and Drug Discovery

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