Toxoplasma gondii Pneumonia in Immunocompetent Subjects: Case Report and Review

Leal, Fábio E.; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia; Andrade, Heitor Franco de; Galisteo, Andrés Jimenez; Mendonça, João Silva de; Kallas, Esper G.

doi:10.1086/511871

Cited by 82 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…1,34 In the present study, positive PCR findings correlated with fever in 3 patients from group 4. In patient 4, visual disturbances and headache occurred, in patient 13, visual disturbances and nausea occurred, and in patient 17, headache and nausea occurred in addition to fever.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Incidence and diagnosis of active toxoplasma infection among liver transplant recipients in Western Turkey

et al. 2008

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Toxoplasmosis is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease in liver transplant recipients while they are immunosuppressed. We report the clinical and laboratory findings related to active toxoplasma infection associated with 40 immunosuppressed liver transplant procedures that took place over a 12-month period at a major transplant unit in Izmir, Turkey. Twenty-seven (67.5%) of the 40 transplant recipients were found to be seropositive for toxoplasma infection and therefore at risk of reactivated infection. From the serological status of the donors, which was ascertained in 38 of 40 cases, we identified 3 (7.9%) of 38 transplants to be from a seropositive donor to a seronegative recipient. In 10 (26.3%) of 38 transplants, both the donor and recipient were seronegative, and this excluded toxoplasma as a risk. A comparison of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR was undertaken in combination with a range of serological assays (the Sabin-Feldman dye test, enzyme immunoassay immunoglobulin M, and immunosorbent agglutination assay immunoglobulin M). Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid blood samples from 3 of the 30 recipients at risk from toxoplasma were found positive by PCR, but only 1 of these was found positive in both assays. Among the 3 PCR-positive patients, immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibody levels increased in only 1 patient. Correlations between symptoms, laboratory findings, and clinical management (use of anti-toxoplasma therapy) are presented. Our findings suggest that toxoplasma presents a significant risk to our liver transplant population and that PCR is a helpful addition in identifying active infections and hence in informing clinical management decisions. Liver Transpl 14:1526Transpl 14: -1532Transpl 14: , 2008

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Incidence and diagnosis of active toxoplasma infection among liver transplant recipients in Western Turkey

et al. 2008

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“…Frequently it is underdiagnosed because of its benign and self-limited aspect 1 . More serious cases are occasionally reported 2,3 and maybe associated with more virulent strains of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) or immunodeficiency conditions 1 . The ocular lesion of toxoplasmosis is characterized by necrotizing retinitis or retinochoroiditis (RC) and is the most common cause of posterior uveitis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic polymorphism for IFNγ +874T/A in patients with acute toxoplasmosis

Neves

Curi

Albuquerque

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene encoding gamma interferon influences its production and is associated with severity of infectious diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the association of IFNγ+874T/A SNP with duration of disease, morbidity, and development of retinochoroiditis in acute toxoplasmosis. Methods: A case-control study was conducted among 30 patients and 90 controls. Results: Although statistical associations were not confirmed, A-allele was more common among retinochoroiditis cases and prolonged illness, while T-allele was more frequent in severe disease. Conclusions: Despite few cases, the results could indicate a relation between IFNγ+874T/A single nucleotide polymorphism and clinical manifestations of toxoplasmosis.

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“…However, extremely rare cases of pneumonitis, ARDS, myocarditis, pericarditis, polymyositis, hepatitis and encephalitis have been reported. [13][14][15] This case presented as a rare case of Toxoplasmosis with involvement of muscle, CNS and respiratory system.…”

Section: Journal Of Society Of Anesthesiologists Of Nepalmentioning

confidence: 91%

ICU acquired weakness or something else?

Acharya

Koirala

Shrestha

et al. 2015

J. Soc. Anesth. Nep.

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An elderly female presented to Intensive Care Unit with generalized weakness and altered sensorium with past history of adenocarcinoma of larynx. She was managed with Radiation Therapy and Chemotherapy in the past. Current admission to the intensive care unit was for aspiration pneumonitis and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. She then progressively developed muscle weakness, which was provisionally diagnosed and managed as critical illness polyneuromyopathy (ICU acquired weakness) and muscle biopsy was sent, as there were no obvious neurological signs and she was not recovering from her muscle weakness as well. She then developed Catheter related sepsis and refractory septic shock, and then she passed away. Her muscle biopsy report that was available postmortem revealed that she had severe toxoplasma infestation that remained in shadow.Journal of Society of Anesthesiologists of Nepal 2015; 2(1): 25-27

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Toxoplasma gondii Pneumonia in Immunocompetent Subjects: Case Report and Review

Cited by 82 publications

References 22 publications

Incidence and diagnosis of active toxoplasma infection among liver transplant recipients in Western Turkey

Incidence and diagnosis of active toxoplasma infection among liver transplant recipients in Western Turkey

Genetic polymorphism for IFNγ +874T/A in patients with acute toxoplasmosis

ICU acquired weakness or something else?

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