Toxoplasma: Guess Who's Coming to Dinner

Grüenberg, Jean; Goot, F. Gisou van der

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.029

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…NO production was reported in haemocytes of various bivalve mollusc species (Arumugam et al, 2000;Gourdon et al, 2001;Nakayama and Maruyama, 1998;Ottaviani et al, 1993;Tafalla et al, 2002Tafalla et al, , 2003 and preliminary evidence of ONOO production has been reported in Mytilus galloprovincialis haemocytes (Guerin and Torreilles, 1999) but the NO production in O. edulis had never been measured. Some pathogens can modulate the generation of ROS and RNS (Dermine and Desjardins, 1999;Gruenberg and van der Goot, 2006;Kwok et al, 2005;Müller, 2004;Schott et al, 2003a,b;Volety and Chu, 1995) in order to survive the host defence mechanisms. ROS levels in O. edulis haemocytes after in vitro phagocytosis of B. ostreae were minimal (Cochennec and Garcia, 2000;Hervio, 1992;Morga et al, 2009), which may be due to the block of the respiratory burst by an acid phosphatase activity of the parasite .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparison of haemocytic parameters among flat oyster Ostrea edulis stocks with different susceptibility to bonamiosis and the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Comesaña

Casas

Cao

et al. 2012

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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Farming of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis in Europe is severely constrained by the protozoan Bonamia ostreae. The introduction of the resistant species Crassostrea gigas has been a relief for the farmers, while the pilot programmes to select O. edulis strains resistant to bonamiosis performed in various countries can be seen as a promising strategy to minimise the effects of bonamiosis. However, the physiological bases of this differential susceptibility remain unknown. A search for an explanation of the intra and interspecific differences in oyster susceptibility to bonamiosis was accomplished by comparing some immune parameters among various O. edulis stocks and C. gigas. On December 2003, naïve and Bonamia-relatively resistant flat oysters from Ireland, Galician flat oysters and Pacific oysters C. gigas were deployed in a Galician area affected by bonamiosis; haemolymph samples were taken in February and May 2004. A new oyster deployment at the same place was carried out on June 2004 and haemolymph sampling was performed on April 2005. On November 2004, new sets of Irish flat oysters and C. gigas were deployed in Ireland and haemolymph sampling was performed in June 2005. Various haemocytic parameters were measured: total and differential haemocyte count, phagocytic ability, respiratory burst (superoxide anion [O(2)(-)] and hydrogen peroxide [H(2)O(2)]) and nitric oxide [NO] production. The comparison of the parameters was carried out at 3 levels: (1) between O. edulis and C. gigas, (2) among O. edulis stocks with different susceptibility to bonamiosis, and (3) between Bonamia-infected and non infected O. edulis. In addition, haemocyte-B. ostreaein vitro encounters were performed to analyse interspecific differences in the haemocytic respiratory burst, using flow cytometry. Significant differences associated with total and differential haemocyte count, and respiratory burst between O. edulis and C. gigas were detected, which could be linked to differences in susceptibility to bonamiosis between both species. Additionally, significant changes in total and differential haemocyte count, and respiratory burst of O. edulis associated with B. ostreae infection were found. However, no consistent difference in any haemocyte parameter between the O. edulis stocks involved in the study was recorded.

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