Toxoplasmosis: The Heart of the Diagnosis

England, James; Bailin, Samuel; Gehlhausen, Jeffrey R.; Rubin, Donald H.

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofy338

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…22.2% of myocardiopathy patients suffer from cardiovascular patients, also they have toxoplasmosis. This report agreed with (England, J. H. et al, 2019), who reported that 26% with cardiovascular disease and they complaining myocardiopathy with Toxoplasmosis (8) (9) . Cardiomyopathy is the disease of the cardiac muscles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Possible Role of Toxoplasmosis on Gene Sequence Alteration in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases

2020

IJFMT

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Toxoplasmosis is one of the risky infection my lead to cardiovascular diseases. One hundred therein patients samples were collected with Heart Diseases and there were infected with Toxoplasmosis, in Baghdad educational Hospital from period 1 st January 2019 to 1 st September 2019. The results show that prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among Hypertensive disease and Myocardiopathy with Heart Diseases. The genotype of MYLK3 exon to Human cardiac gene by gel electrophoresis, Lane M markers correspond to 500 bp ladder lane 2 of gene band with 600bp. Mutation occurrence in exon 8 the gene sequence CCCAGCCGG were change to CCCATCCGG, and in exon 9 the change occurrence in sequence CTCAAGCCGGAG to CTCAAGGTACAA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Possible Role of Toxoplasmosis on Gene Sequence Alteration in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases

2020

IJFMT

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“…Cases of acute toxoplasmosis and two recent outbreaks among hunters in Wisconsin and Illinois, USA, have already been linked to the consumption of insufficiently heated or raw game [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 42 ]. In order to reliably assess the risk of human T. gondii infection from the consumption of game, information on the occurrence of T. gondii in the most frequently consumed game species is necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, consumption of raw or undercooked meat, including game, was linked to a higher risk of T. gondii infection in Europe [ 13 , 14 ]. Multiple known cases of acute toxoplasmosis have been associated with the consumption of raw or insufficiently heated deer and wild boar meat [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Handling raw meat or the carcasses of wild animals could also result in potential smear infections [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Direct and Indirect Toxoplasma gondii Detection and Genotyping in Game: Relationship and Challenges

et al. 2021

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The importance of game as a source of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in humans is largely unknown. New data on the presence of T. gondii in game hunted in the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany, were obtained by direct and indirect detection (ELISA). DNA extracted either directly (5 g heart or foreleg muscle, DE) or after acid pepsin digestion (50 g heart, PD) or enriched by magnetic capture (50 g heart, MC) was examined by real-time PCR (qPCR). ELISA revealed seroprevalences of 20% in wild boar (Sus scrofa), 11% in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and 6% in red deer (Cervus elaphus). T. gondii DNA was detected by at least one direct detection method in 12% of wild boar, 6% of roe deer, 2% of fallow deer (Dama dama) and 2% of red deer. In both, positive wild boar and roe deer, T. gondii type II specific alleles were the most prevalent, as assessed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The highest proportion of positive animals was detected by MC qPCR, followed by PD qPCR with a similar proportion of positive findings. Investigation of 50 g of heart muscle revealed a significantly higher proportion of positive qPCR results than analysis of 5 g (p = 0.048). An association between seropositivity and direct detection was evident in wild boar and roe deer (p < 0.001). Infectivity of T. gondii DNA–positive samples was confirmed by bioassay (4/4), providing evidence that game could represent a relevant source of viable T. gondii posing a risk for human infection.

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“…Moreover, in the USA, a strain of T. gondii most commonly found in North American wildlife was recently shown to be responsible for 12 atypical cases of toxoplasmosis [112]. Indeed, epidemiological studies and several outbreaks have identified consumption of raw or undercooked game as a potential source of acute toxoplasmosis [107,[112][113][114][115][116] even in pregnant women [109,114]. Additionally, also handling of game carcasses was shown to be a possible source of acquired ocular toxoplasmosis in previously healthy hunters [115,117].…”

Section: Public Health Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Alaria alata, Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis spp. in Mammalian Game Meat Consumed in Europe: Epidemiology, Risk Management and Future Directions

Guardone

Armani

Mancianti

et al. 2022

Animals

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Game meat is increasingly appreciated and consumed in Europe, also due to the growing population of wild ungulates. In addition to interesting nutritional properties and market opportunities, game meat is characterized by some specific public health issues. This review focuses on the etiology, epidemiology, public health aspects and risk management along the supply chain, including parasite detection at slaughtering and inactivation in meat, of three selected foodborne parasitic hazards (Alaria alata, Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis spp.) in the main mammalian game meat species in the EU: wild boar (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), fallow deer (Dama dama), Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), moose (Alces alces), hare (Lepus europaeus) and wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The presented data point out the main issues, and knowledge gaps as well as the potential for improved control in order to contribute to the risk analysis process. To pursue an effective management of these parasitic zoonoses, awareness raising should involve all figures in the supply chain, including hunters, restaurateurs and consumers. Human behaviour and the lack of knowledge regarding meat borne parasitic zoonoses and the health risks they pose seem to be the most important factors responsible for human infections. However, detection methods, starting from the sampling procedure, should be further developed and standardized in order to improve the collection of accurate and up-to-date epidemiological data.

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Toxoplasmosis: The Heart of the Diagnosis

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Possible Role of Toxoplasmosis on Gene Sequence Alteration in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases

Possible Role of Toxoplasmosis on Gene Sequence Alteration in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases

Comparison of Direct and Indirect Toxoplasma gondii Detection and Genotyping in Game: Relationship and Challenges

A Review on Alaria alata, Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis spp. in Mammalian Game Meat Consumed in Europe: Epidemiology, Risk Management and Future Directions

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