Trabecular bone exhibits fully linear elastic behavior and yields at low strains

Keaveny, Tony M.; Guo, X. Edward; Wachtel, Edward F.; McMahon, Thomas A.; Hayes, Wilson C.

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(94)90053-1

Cited by 269 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The latter is applicable for trabecular bone for small deformations. 15 Third, trabecular bone tissue has a preferred orientation which makes it both spatially and mechanically anisotropic. 26 This means that bone tissue properties may vary when different loading directions are applied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Mineralization on Intratrabecular Stress and Strain Distribution in Developing Trabecular Bone

et al. 2007

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Abstract-The load-transfer pathway in trabecular bone is largely determined by its architecture. However, the influence of variations in mineralization is not known. The goal of this study was to examine the influence of inhomogeneously distributed degrees of mineralization (DMB) on intratrabecular stresses and strains. Cubic mandibular condylar bone specimens from fetal and newborn pigs were used. Finite element models were constructed, in which the element tissue moduli were scaled to the local DMB. Disregarding the observed distribution of mineralization was associated with an overestimation of average equivalent strain and underestimation of von Mises equivalent stress. From the surface of trabecular elements towards their core the strain decreased irrespective of tissue stiffness distribution. This indicates that the trabecular elements were bent during the compression experiment. Inhomogeneously distributed tissue stiffness resulted in a low stress at the surface that increased towards the core. In contrast, disregarding this tissue stiffness distribution resulted in high stress at the surface which decreased towards the core. It was concluded that the increased DMB, together with concurring alterations in architecture, during development leads to a structure which is able to resist increasing loads without an increase in average deformation, which may lead to damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Mineralization on Intratrabecular Stress and Strain Distribution in Developing Trabecular Bone

et al. 2007

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“…Based on previous published protocols [21][22][23][24], nine cylindrical human vertebral trabecular bone samples were obtained from eight lumbar vertebrae (L3 and L4, 67.6±16.0 year-old and 6 males/2 females) and nine cylindrical human femoral neck (FN) trabecular bone samples were obtained from eight proximal femurs (63.1±13.2 year-old and 5 males/3 females). Because of the lack of relatively dense trabecular bone samples in female subjects, samples from male subjects were used to represent the healthy pre-menopausal trabecular bone (BV/ TV>0.1).…”

Section: Trabecular Bone Sample Preparation and μCt Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic simulation of three dimensional architectural and mechanical alterations in human trabecular bone during menopause

Liu¹,

Huang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2008

Bone

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A three dimensional (3D) computational simulation of dynamic process of trabecular bone remodeling was developed with all the parameters derived from physiological and clinical data. Contributions of the microstructural bone formation deficits: trabecular plate perforations, trabecular rod breakages, and isolated bone fragments, to the rapid bone loss and disruption of trabecular microarchitecture during menopause were studied. Eighteen human trabecular bone samples from femoral neck (FN) and spine were scanned using a micro computed tomography (μCT) system. Bone resorption and formation were simulated as a computational cycle corresponding to 40-day resorption/160-day formation. Resorption cavities were randomly created over the bone surface according to the activation frequency, which was strictly based on clinical data. Every resorption cavity was refilled during formation unless it caused trabecular plate perforation, trabecular rod breakage or isolated fragments. A 20-year-period starting 5 years before and ending 15 years after menopause was simulated for each specimen. Elastic moduli, standard and individual trabeculae segmentation (ITS)-based morphological parameters were evaluated for each simulated 3D image. For both spine and FN groups, the time courses of predicted bone loss pattern by microstructural bone formation deficits were fairly consistent with the clinical measurements. The percentage of bone loss due to trabecular plate perforation, trabecular rod breakage, and isolated bone fragments were 73.2%, 18.9% and 7.9% at the simulated 15 years after menopause. The ITS-based plate fraction (pBV/BV), mean plate surface area (pTb.S), plate number density (pTb.N), and mean rod thickness (rTb.Th) decreased while rod fraction (rBV/BV) and rod number density (rTb.N) increased after the simulated menopause. The dynamic bone remodeling simulation based on microstructural bone formation deficits predicted the time course of menopausal bone loss pattern of spine and FN. Microstructural plate perforation could be the primary cause of menopausal trabecular bone loss. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. The combined effect of trabeculae perforation, breakage, and isolated fragments resulted in fewer and smaller trabecular plates and more but thinner trabecular rods. NIH Public Access

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“…Therefore, BV/TV alone can describe the mechanical properties of trabecular bone for the most part in a predefined testing direction. 4,6,23,24,31 However, the mechanical bone properties are, in addition to the dependence on BV/TV, a strong function of the testing direction and thus anisotropy parameters. 4,8,31 Based on the finding of the present study that anisotropy is largely independent on BV/TV, parameters which describe the anisotropy may improve the prediction of mechanical properties considerably.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge of interspecies differences between human healthy, human osteopenic, ovine, bovine, and porcine species is of special importance, since these species are used for the in vitro mechanical testing of bone anchoring implants, such as suture anchors, [18][19][20][21] or for testing the bones directly. 22,23 Furthermore, animal in vivo experiments are commonly carried out to investigate the effect of medical treatments for bone healing and regeneration, which include the analysis of the trabecular microstructure. 24,25 However, it is not clear if and how the results of these tests can be applied from animal to human regarding the trabecular microstructure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The interrelation of trabecular microstructural parameters of the greater tubercle measured for different species

Hölzer

Pietschmann

Rösl

et al. 2011

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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In the present study the trabecular microstructural parameters (bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation, trabecular number, connectivity density, degree of anisotropy, and structure model index) of the greater tubercle of the humeral head were measured for human healthy, human osteopenic, ovine, bovine, and porcine bones using micro-computed tomography. Except for trabecular thickness and degree of anisotropy the values of the trabecular microstructural parameters generally differed significantly between species. Thus, only the species for which the implant is designed should be used for in vitro mechanical tests on the stability of implants in trabecular bone. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the microstructural parameters have similar principal interrelations in all species. The most significant relations were found between trabecular thickness and bone volume fraction (median (over all species) p < 0.001), trabecular number and bone volume fraction (p ¼ 0.001), the structural change from plates to rods and bone volume fraction (p < 0.001) as well as between connectivity density and trabecular number (p < 0.001). Trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and the structural change from plates to rods each contributed to the bone volume fraction approximately to the same extent. Based on the similar principal interrelations of the trabecular microstructural parameters found in all investigated species the design of trabecular microstructure in the greater tubercle follows similar phenomenological mechanisms in all species. Thus, in vivo experiments on trabecular bone healing and osteoporosis research for application in humans can be conducted in ovine, bovine, or porcine species. ß

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Trabecular bone exhibits fully linear elastic behavior and yields at low strains

Cited by 269 publications

References 30 publications

The Influence of Mineralization on Intratrabecular Stress and Strain Distribution in Developing Trabecular Bone

The Influence of Mineralization on Intratrabecular Stress and Strain Distribution in Developing Trabecular Bone

Dynamic simulation of three dimensional architectural and mechanical alterations in human trabecular bone during menopause

The interrelation of trabecular microstructural parameters of the greater tubercle measured for different species

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