Trace Element Determinations by X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis: Advantages, Limitations, and Alternatives

Boström, Kürt; Bach, Wolfgang

doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.142.112.1995

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…From the collected spectra, we were able to identify some major elements in the Marcellus shale notably Al, Ca, Ti, Si, Mg and C. These elements corroborated with the previous findings of Heron et al [11], Gladney et al [12], and Boström and Bach [13] on rock characterization using neutron induced capture gamma ray spectroscopy, x-ray fluorescence, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Lines with spectral interference, and resonance lines were mostly avoided and preference was given to non-resonance lines [14].…”

Section: Spectral Lines Selectionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Determination of elemental composition of shale rocks by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Sanghapi

Jain

Bol’shakov

et al. 2016

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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In this study laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is used for elemental characterization of outcrop samples from the Marcellus Shale. Powdered samples were pressed to form pellets and used for LIBS analysis. Partial least squares regression (PLS-R) and univariate calibration curves were used for quantification of analytes. The matrix effect is substantially reduced using the partial least squares calibration method. Predicted results with LIBS are compared to ICP-OES results for Si, Al, Ti, Mg, and Ca. As for C, its results are compared to those obtained by a carbon analyzer. Relative errors of the LIBS measurements are in the range of 1.7 to 12.6%. The limits of detection (LOD) obtained for Si, Al, Ti, Mg and Ca are 60.9, 33.0, 15.6, 4.2 and 0.03 ppm, respectively. An LOD of 0.4wt% was obtained for carbon. This study shows that the LIBS method can provide a rapid analysis of shale samples and can potentially benefit depleted gas shale carbon storage research.

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Section: Spectral Lines Selectionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Determination of elemental composition of shale rocks by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Sanghapi

Jain

Bol’shakov

et al. 2016

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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“…(1972, 1978), Church (1981), Robinson and Bennett (1981), Verma et al. (1992), Cantagrel and Pin (1994), Boström and Bach (1995), Han et al. (1999), Makishima et al.…”

Section: Databases and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individual concentration values for Ni and Cr in ten of these RMs were compiled from the following references: Steele et al (1972Steele et al ( , 1978, Church (1981), Robinson and Bennett (1981), Verma et al (1992), Cantagrel and Pin (1994), Boström and Bach (1995), Han et al (1999), Makishima et al (2002), Naqvi et al (2002), Féménias et al (2003), Hoang and Uto (2003), Kelley et al (2003), Haase et al (2004), Ichiyama and Ishiwatari (2005), Ionov et al (2005), Manikyamba et al (2005), Ishizuka et al (2006), Kurosawa et al (2006), Makishima and Nakamura (2006), Ujiie-Mikoshiba et al (2006), and Hastie et al (2007) as well as from two internet addresses (http://riodb.ibase.aist.go.jp/ and http://georem.mpch. mainz.gwdg.de).…”

Section: Databases and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Two Sample Preparation Methods for X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry in the Determination of Ni and Cr

Verma

González-Ramírez

Rodríguez-Ríos

2011

Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research

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Pressed powder pellets and fused beads or glass disks are routinely used in X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry for the determination of major and trace elements, respectively, in geological materials. In order to evaluate the performance of these two sample preparation methods, we determined Ni and Cr concentrations of fourteen RMs from Japan, France and South Africa, and eighty‐five igneous and three sedimentary rock samples from Mexico in both powder pellets and glass beads. We also computed new values of statistical parameters for RMs from an outlier‐based multiple‐test method and compared them with the literature mean and confidence limit values. The results showed that the multiple‐test method provided more reliable central tendency and dispersion parameters for RMs than those obtained previously from the two or three standard deviation method, or from robust methods. The powder pellet and fused bead sample preparation methods provided consistent results for Ni and Cr at concentration levels > 50 μg g−1 in this application; for lower concentration levels, however, these methods showed somewhat greater differences. For quantitative comparisons, both ordinary and weighted least‐squares linear regression models were used to show that the two sample preparation methods provided generally unbiased results.

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“…Previous studies of Hole 504B rocks revealed that chemical data sets of various laboratories differ significantly because of different analytical accuracies and precisions (Dick, Erzinger, Stokking, et al, 1992, andBoström andBach, 1995, for a discussion). We therefore carefully tested our data with the reference data from Govindaraju (1994) and with data from other laboratories to ensure proper analytical accuracy.…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry of the Lower Sheeted Dike Complex, Hole 504B (Leg 148): Influence of Magmatic Differentiation and Hydrothermal Alteration

Bach¹,

Erzinger²,

Alt³

et al. 1996

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, 148 Scientific Results

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We present major-and trace-element data on the lower sheeted dike complex (SDC) drilled during ODP Leg 148 in Hole 504B. Similar to previously studied rocks from the upper sections of Hole 504B, the rocks recovered during Leg 148 are mildly to moderately evolved mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) ranging in their MgO concentrations from 7.8 to 10.0 wt%. The rocks exhibit the same sort of depletion as the lavas of Hole 504B, characterized by very low incompatible element abundances (e.g., TiO 2 = 0.54-1.03 wt%, Zr = 29-53 ppm, and Ce = 2.2-5.5 ppm). Chondrite-normalized La/Sm and Nb/Zr ratios are markedly lower than average N-MORB, suggesting a highly depleted mantle source. Fractional crystallization of plagioclase, olivine, ± clinopyroxene can account for most of the chemical variability, whereby the degree of fractionation is less than 50%. The chemical effects of alteration are more difficult to distinguish because they can sometimes have the same consequences as magmatic differentiation. Formation of chlorite, amphibole, albite-oligoclase, and titanite replacing groundmass and primary minerals are typical for all samples. The results of this type of alteration are slight increases of MgO and H 2 O and decreases of CaO and SiO 2 . TiO 2 , MnO, Zr, and the REEs appear to slightly decrease with increasing extents of alteration. Halos and patches of intensive alteration are common in the lower SDC. The alteration halos show perplexing chemical trends with no clear relationship to the degree of alteration. The alteration patches are significantly enriched in H 2 O and highly depleted in Cu (Zn) and S. This make the patches in the lower SDC possible sources for base-metal deposits in the oceanic crust. The patches are also significantly depleted in REE, Zr, Nb, Ti, and exhibit positive Eu anomalies. Theoretical considerations and mass-balance calculations indicate that this behavior is probably not only the consequence of intensive alteration but requires primary chemical differences between the patches and the neighboring diabases. It remains unclear how far such differences could be related to magmatic differentiation processes within the dikes. The puzzling question of the nature of these alteration patches deserves further attention.

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Trace Element Determinations by X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis: Advantages, Limitations, and Alternatives

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Determination of elemental composition of shale rocks by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Determination of elemental composition of shale rocks by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Comparison of Two Sample Preparation Methods for X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry in the Determination of Ni and Cr

Chemistry of the Lower Sheeted Dike Complex, Hole 504B (Leg 148): Influence of Magmatic Differentiation and Hydrothermal Alteration

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