2018
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040810
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Trace Elements in Marine Sediment and Organisms in the Gulf of Thailand

Abstract: This review summarizes the findings from studies of trace element levels in marine sediment and organisms in the Gulf of Thailand. Spatial and temporal variations in trace element concentrations were observed. Although trace element contamination levels were low, the increased urbanization and agricultural and industrial activities may adversely affect ecosystems and human health. The periodic monitoring of marine environments is recommended in order to minimize human health risks from the consumption of conta… Show more

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Cited by 28 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…Heavy metal contamination in marine organisms from oral exposures, including Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn, has also been a major concern. Worakhunpiset reviewed heavy metals in marine organisms and sediment in the Gulf of Thailand and found that most of the articles pointed to the Upper Gulf of Thailand [14] as a place with heavy metal contamination. In the Lower Gulf of Thailand, heavy metal contamination in the environment was limited [13].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Heavy metal contamination in marine organisms from oral exposures, including Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn, has also been a major concern. Worakhunpiset reviewed heavy metals in marine organisms and sediment in the Gulf of Thailand and found that most of the articles pointed to the Upper Gulf of Thailand [14] as a place with heavy metal contamination. In the Lower Gulf of Thailand, heavy metal contamination in the environment was limited [13].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Worakhunpiset [ 168 ] compiled the findings of investigations on trace element levels in marine sediments from Thailand’s Gulf. Unsustainable land-based pollution produced by population increase, urbanization, and industrialization along the coastline is the primary source of marine environmental deterioration in the Gulf of Thailand [ 168 ]. The maximum values of Pb and Zn in maritime sand were 79.8 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively, among all the tested values [ 169 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The maximum values of Pb and Zn in maritime sand were 79.8 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively, among all the tested values [ 169 ]. Geographical spatial and temporal variations in HM levels had been reported to be related to anthropogenic activities such as tourism, agriculture, urbanization, aquaculture, industry, and port operations [ 168 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…TEs, one of the most important pollutants, will go under cyclic sedimentation and accumulate in the surface sediment after a certain period following entering the coastal waters in various ways. Hence, there are generally high amounts of TEs in the sediments of the coastal zones where industrialization activities and population density are high (Sañudo-Wilhelmy and Flegal 1991;Worakhunpiset 2018). In the present study, the trace element concentrations in sediment collected along the Mediterranean Sea coast of Turkey were detected between a minimum and a maximum concentration as follows (mg kg − 1 ): Ni, 1.68- S1).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%