Trace Level Determination of Low-Molecular-Weight Alcohols in Aqueous Samples Based on Alkyl Nitrite Formation and Gas Chromatography

Nguyen, Ha Thi-Hoang; Takenaka, Norimichi; Bandow, Hiroshi; Maeda, Yasuhiro

doi:10.2116/analsci.17.639

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Hence, there is an excellent chance for EtOH and NO to react with each other. NO reacts with alcohol to yield alky nitrites [144,145,146], which are also conveniently applied to alcohol determination in the aqueous solution [147,148] and biological samples [149]. The mechanism is that EtOH in vitro is nitrosated by NO or NO donors (e.g., N 2 O 3 and nitrosyl halides) to yield an O-nitroso compound or ethyl nitrite [150,151].…”

Section: Interaction Of Etoh With Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol Metabolism and Effects: Nitric Oxide and its Interaction

Deng

Deitrich²

2007

CCP

110

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Ethanol (EtOH) in alcoholic beverages is consumed by a large number of individuals and its elimination is primarily by oxidation. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in EtOH's effects is important since NO is one of the most prominent biological factors in mammals. NO is constantly formed endogenously from L-arginine. Dose and length of EtOH exposure, and cell type are the main factors affecting EtOH effects on NO production. Either acute or chronic EtOH ingestion affects inducible NO synthase (iNOS) activity. However it seems that EtOH suppresses induced-NO production by inhibition of iNOS in different cells. On the other hand, it is clear that acute low doses of EtOH increase both the release of NO and endothelial NOS (eNOS) expression, and augment endothelium-mediated vasodilatation, whereas higher doses impair endothelial functions. EtOH selectively affects neuronal NOS (nNOS) activity in different brain cells, which may relate to various behavioral interactions. Therefore, there is an excellent chance for EtOH and NO to react with each other. Effects of EtOH on NO production and NOS activity may be important to EtOH modification of cell or organ function. Nitrosated compounds (alkyl nitrites) are often found as the interaction products, which might be one of the minor pathways of EtOH metabolism. NO also inhibits EtOH metabolizing enzymes. Furthermore, NO is involved in EtOH induced liver damage and has a role in fetal development during EtOH exposure in pregnancy. The mechanisms underlying these effects are only partially understood. Hence, the current discussion of the interaction of EtOH and NO is presented.

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Section: Interaction Of Etoh With Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol Metabolism and Effects: Nitric Oxide and its Interaction

Deng

Deitrich²

2007

CCP

110

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“…14 Another reason for the increase in interest is that ethanol is produced from different types of biomass, mainly sugar cane in Brazil, making it a renewable fuel that limits the discharge of fossil carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) which most probably contributes to the global climate changes. 15 Published aldehyde measurements in the urban atmosphere in Brazil have been limited to the largest Brazilian centers like Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Salvador and Porto Alegre [7][8][9][10][11][16][17][18][19] and data for rural areas are even scarcer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of rural and urban atmospheric aldehydes in Londrina, Brazil

Pinto¹,

Solci²

2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Os níveis ambientais de formaldeído e acetaldeído foram medidos em três locais na cidade de Londrina: na estação central de ônibus urbano, no centro (perfis diurno e noturno) e em área rural, no verão e inverno de 2002. Os aldeídos foram coletados em cartuchos Sep-Pak revestidos com 2,4-DNPH e analisados por CLAE/AFD. Na estação central as razões de mistura de formaldeído e acetaldeído, estiveram, respectivamente, na faixa de 6,17 a 10,43 ppbv e 0,49 a 2,12 ppbv. No centro, durante o verão, os níveis do formaldeído variaram de 2,07 a 5,65 ppbv e do acetaldeído variaram de 1,05 a 5,06 ppbv. Durante o inverno, as concentrações diurnas de formaldeído e acetaldeído foram mais elevadas do que as noturnas. As razões de mistura do formaldeído e acetaldeído variaram de 3,24 a 9,46 ppbv e 2,81 a 10,83 ppbv, respectivamente. Na área rural as razões de mistura de formaldeído e acetaldeído variaram de 0,64 a 1,41 ppbv e 0,10 a 0,87 ppbv, respectivamente. As razões de acetaldeído/formaldeído foram comparadas com valores obtidos em outras cidades brasileiras.Ambiental levels of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were measured at three sites in the city of Londrina: at the central bus station, downtown (night and day profiles) and in a rural area, during the summer and winter seasons of 2002. Atmospheric aldehydes were collected using C18 Sep-Pak cartridges coated with 2,4-DNPH and analyzed by HPLC-DAD. At the central bus station, the measured mixing atios for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde ranged, respectively, from 6.17 to 10.43 ppbv and from 0.49 to 2.12 ppbv. Downtown, during the summer, formaldehyde levels ranged from 2.07 to 5.65 ppbv, and acetaldehyde levels ranged from 1.05 to 5.06 ppbv. During the winter, the daytime concentrations for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were higher than nighttime levels. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde mixing ratios ranged from 3.24 to 9.46 ppbv and from 2.81 to 10.83 ppbv, respectively. At the rural site, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde mixing ratios ranged from 0.64 to 1.41 ppbv and from 0.10 to 0.87 ppbv, respectively. The acetaldehyde/formaldehyde ratios were compared with values from other Brazilian cities.

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“…1994) and nonenzymatically (Noack and Feelisch 1991) has been already reported, but it has not been yet investigated whether inflammatory NO‐producing cells can make significant amounts of organic nitrites. It is interesting to note, however, that alkyl alcohols are readily O‐nitrosated by N 2 O 3 (Nguyen et al . 2001) or NO/O 2 (Grossi and Strazzari 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular S‐nitrosoglutathione, but not S‐nitrosocysteine or N₂O₃, mediates protein S‐nitrosation in rat spinal cord slices*

Romero¹,

Bizzozero²

2006

Journal of Neurochemistry

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There is evidence that protein S-nitrosothiols (PrSNOs) accumulate in inflammatory demyelinating disorders like multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. However, very little is known regarding the mechanism by which PrSNOs are formed in target cells. The present study compares the ability of potential intercellular mediators of nitrosative damage including S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), S-nitrosocysteine and N 2 O 3 to induce protein S-nitros(yl)ation in the spinal cord, a CNS region that is commonly affected in multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. The results clearly demonstrate that while all three NO-donors cause S-nitrosation of proteins in cell-free systems, only GSNO is a viable S-nitrosating agent in rat spinal cord slices. Generation of PrSNOs with GSNO occurs by S-transnitrosa-tion as the process was not inhibited by either the NO-scavenger rutin or the N 2 O 3-scavenger azide. Contrary to other cell types, nerve cells incorporate intact GSNO and neither functional L-amino acid transporters nor cell-surface thiols are required. We also found that there is a restricted number of proteins available for S-nitrosation, even at high, non-physiological concentrations of GSNO. These proteins are highly concentrated in mitochondria and mitochondria-rich subcellu-lar compartments. This study is relevant to those CNS disorders characterized by excessive nitric oxide production.

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Trace Level Determination of Low-Molecular-Weight Alcohols in Aqueous Samples Based on Alkyl Nitrite Formation and Gas Chromatography

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Ethanol Metabolism and Effects: Nitric Oxide and its Interaction

Ethanol Metabolism and Effects: Nitric Oxide and its Interaction

Comparison of rural and urban atmospheric aldehydes in Londrina, Brazil

Extracellular S‐nitrosoglutathione, but not S‐nitrosocysteine or N₂O₃, mediates protein S‐nitrosation in rat spinal cord slices*

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Trace Level Determination of Low-Molecular-Weight Alcohols in Aqueous Samples Based on Alkyl Nitrite Formation and Gas Chromatography

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Ethanol Metabolism and Effects: Nitric Oxide and its Interaction

Ethanol Metabolism and Effects: Nitric Oxide and its Interaction

Comparison of rural and urban atmospheric aldehydes in Londrina, Brazil

Extracellular S‐nitrosoglutathione, but not S‐nitrosocysteine or N2O3, mediates protein S‐nitrosation in rat spinal cord slices*

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Extracellular S‐nitrosoglutathione, but not S‐nitrosocysteine or N₂O₃, mediates protein S‐nitrosation in rat spinal cord slices*