Trace metal concentrations in Fucus from the Bristol channel

Fuge, R.; James, Keith H.

doi:10.1016/0025-326x(74)90026-5

Cited by 111 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…There are marked seasonal changes in concentration within the same species, as would be expected, since this study has shown that the rate and amount of uptake depends on growth rate. Fuge and James (1974) further noted that older plant tissues contain higher concentrations, as has been shown in this study as well. Considering all these factors, and in agreement with Bryan and Hummerstone (1973), Laminaria plants should be useful as indicators of changes, if entire plants of the same age, or the same portions of such plants, are collected for analyses on the same site in the same season in subsequent years.…”

Section: Carbon Assimilation By Cd-polluted Sporophytessupporting

confidence: 89%

“…As shown in this study and pointed out earlier by Bryan (1969), uptake to equilibrium is slow and thus rapid environmental fluctuations would not be indicated. Fuge and James (1974) as well as Morris and Bale (1975) have reviewed several sources of error in using brown algae as indicators. There are marked seasonal changes in concentration within the same species, as would be expected, since this study has shown that the rate and amount of uptake depends on growth rate.…”

Section: Carbon Assimilation By Cd-polluted Sporophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Cadmium on Laminaria saccarina in Culture

Markham¹,

Kremer²,

Sperling³

1980

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Cadmium effects were tested on 50-d-old laboratory-grown sporophytes of the kelp Laminaria saccharina under continuous-flow laboratory conditions. In standard 6-d experiments the rapid rate of growth of the plants (30 '/o length increase d.' in controls) provided a suitable parameter for the measurement of cadmium effects. Over a 6-d period a concentration of 4.5 pprn Cd was lethal. There is evidence that a lower concentration would be lethal over a longer period of exposure. In the range of 0.2 to 4.5 pprn Cd the reduction in growth rate with increasing Cd concentration was nearly linear. The growth rate diminished to 50 O/o of the controls at approximately 2.15 pprn Cd. When plants exposed to cadmium for 6 d were measured after a further 8 d in unpolluted seawater, the concentration causing growth-rate reduction to 50 V0 of the controls was 0.86 pprn Cd. Long-term after effects are more serious than is immediately evident and exposure time is more important than concentration. Cadmium uptake begins almost immediately and is apparently unregulated, indicating potentially very high tissue concentrations. Over 100 ng Cd mg dry wt -' was accumulated by plants in 6 d from a 0.78 pprn Cd solution. Saturation was not reached. Relatively more cadmium is taken up from lower ambient concentrations. Slower-growing plants and slower-growing regions of the thallus (stipe/holdfast; distal blade region) take up relatively more cadmium. At concentrations over 2.3 pprn Cd the blades show a sharply delimited dlstal loss of pigment. Cadmium inhibits photosynthesis, as well as dark carbon assimilation. The degree of inhibition depends on time and concentration. In distal plant regions the photosynthetic potential is more sensitive to cadmium. The reduction in photosynthesis in the most actively growing region with increasing cadmium concentration follows a curve very similar to that for the reduction in growth. The decrease in growth and photosynthetic potential caused by cadmium is not correlated with pigment loss or cadmium accumulation.

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Section: Carbon Assimilation By Cd-polluted Sporophytessupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Carbon Assimilation By Cd-polluted Sporophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cadmium on Laminaria saccarina in Culture

Markham¹,

Kremer²,

Sperling³

1980

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Pollution Load Indices have also been derived using published data for the Bristol Channel (Fuge & James, 1974), the Looe Estuary, Cornwall (Bryan & Hummerstone, 1977) and a polluted (Serfjorden) and unpolluted (Reine in Lofoten) estuary in Norway (Melhuus et al, 1978). Values of 3.8,7.4,29.0 and 3.1,respectively, suggest that with the exception of the copper polluted Avoca estuary at Arklow (Fig.…”

Section: Indices For Pollution Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problems in the assessment of heavy-metal levels in estuaries and the formation of a pollution index

Tomlinson

Wilson

Harris

et al. 1980

Helgolander Meeresunters

2,685

1,124

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Most estuaries receive a high heavy-metal input from industries. This is reflected in the relatively high levels found in numerous estuarine organisms and in sediments. Many indicators have been suggested for facilitating the detection of heavy-metal pollution, but the problems in using these indicators to evaluate the metal loading of estuaries are considerable. Variations in species composition, and conditions at different sites, differences in season of sampling, and age of organism, as well as different metal levels in different parts of the organism, make the interpretation of results difficult. The levels reported here, similar to those in other unpolluted estuaries, have been used to suggest a baseline concentration for heavy metals in estuaries.

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“…O incremento na concentração de metais no meio ambiente tem causado efeitos nocivos à saúde humana, à flora e à fauna 5 , por alteração do ciclo global desses metais. Isto pode ser evidenciado pelas concentrações desses elementos observadas nos principais reservatórios, como rios 6,7 , solos 8 , sedimentos 9 , material compostado de origem diversa [10][11][12] , lagos 13 , atmosfera 14 e estuários 15 .…”

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Caracterização química e física de vermicomposto e avaliação de sua capacidade em adsorver cobre e zinco

Lamim¹,

Jordão²,

Brune³

et al. 1998

Quím. Nova

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has been studied. It was examined the pH and cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), organic matter content, electric conductivity and elementary and XRD analyses, among other characteristics. The vermicompost was then applied to the retention and competition of metal micronutrients and pollutants (Cu and Zn) from metal nitrate solutions. The retention was affected by both the pH and adsorption time, while the competitive character of these metals for the substrate was relevant to each pH examined.Keywords: heavy metals; vermicompost; copper and zinc competition. ARTIGO INTRODUÇÃOA transformação da matéria orgânica, resultante da ação combinada de minhocas e da microflora que vive em seu trato digestivo, é definida como vermicompostagem. Embora a compostagem de resíduos orgânicos seja uma prática antiga, a vermicompostagem foi desenvolvida a partir de pesquisas mais recentes, realizadas por programas de manejo de minhocas, em Rothamstead (Inglaterra), no período de 1940 a 1950. Após 1970, os pesquisadores engajaram-se no estudo do potencial das minhocas para conversão de resíduos orgânicos em uma forma mais estabilizada de matéria orgânica 1 . O interesse em vermicompostagem tem aumentado nesses últimos anos, em virtude da escassez de fertilizantes orgânicos naturais e também da necessidade de correção orgânica na maior parte dos solos do sul da Europa, que têm um conteúdo de carbono muito baixo, por causa das condições climáticas e do cultivo extensivo e milenar 2 . A maioria dos produtores de vermicompostos utiliza a espécie Eisenia foetida, conhecida vulgarmente como minhoca Vermelha da Califórnia ou minhoca de esterco. Essa preferência deve-se à sua habilidade em converter resíduos orgânicos pouco decompostos em material estabilizado, à sua extraordinária proliferação e ao seu rápido crescimento. Em menor escala, Lumbricus rubellus e Lumbricus terrestris, igualmente conhecidas como minhocas de esterco, são também utilizadas na estabilização de resíduos orgâ-nicos. Normalmente, as minhocas utilizadas na vermicompostagem são híbridas de Eisenia e Lumbricus, que a partir de uma dieta à base de solo, matéria orgânica como esterco bovino, areia e silte, produzem o vermicomposto 1,3 . Por outro lado, os despejos compostados, assim como os despejos sólidos municipais e lodo dos esgotos, podem, entretanto, apresentar fontes latentes de poluentes, como por exemplo, produtos químicos tóxicos e metais pesados e podem, também, apresentar patógenos nos vermicompostos resultantes e nos tecidos das minhocas 4 . O incremento na concentração de metais no meio ambiente tem causado efeitos nocivos à saúde humana, à flora e à fauna 5 , por alteração do ciclo global desses metais. Isto pode ser evidenciado pelas concentrações desses elementos observadas nos principais reservatórios, como rios 6,7 , solos 8 , sedimentos 9 , material compostado de origem diversa 10-12 , lagos 13 , atmosfera 14 e estuários 15 .O esterco bovino que passou pelo processo de vermicompostagem tem o seu conteúdo de matéria orgânica humificada (áci-dos húmico...

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Trace metal concentrations in Fucus from the Bristol channel

Cited by 111 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of Cadmium on Laminaria saccarina in Culture

Effects of Cadmium on Laminaria saccarina in Culture

Problems in the assessment of heavy-metal levels in estuaries and the formation of a pollution index

Caracterização química e física de vermicomposto e avaliação de sua capacidade em adsorver cobre e zinco

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