Tracing the sources and cycling of phosphorus in river sediments using oxygen isotopes: Methodological adaptations and first results from a case study in France

Pistocchi, Chiara; Tamburini, F.; Gruau, Gérard; Ferhi, A.; Trevisan, Dominique; Dorioz, Jean‐Marcel

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.12.038

Cited by 56 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…For each of the two sub‐sets of 36 resins collected from a single extraction matrix, δ 18 O H2O unlabelled (−5.7‰) and labelled (+81.6‰) 0.2 M NHO 3 was used to test for hydrolysis of organic P by the acid. The corrected δ 18 O PO4 value is then calculated using a revised version of the mass balance equation described by McLaughlin et al:

δ^{18} O_{PO 4} = \frac{((), δ^{18} O_{Psp} * δ^{18} O_{Aus}) - ((), δ^{18} O_{Pus} * δ^{18} O_{Asp})}{({normalδ}^{18} {normalO}_{Psp} - {normalδ}^{18} {normalO}_{Pus} - {normalδ}^{18} {normalO}_{Asp} + {normalδ}^{18} {normalO}_{Aus})}

where δ 18 O PO4 is the corrected final stable oxygen isotope ratio for PO 4 considering the effect of any hydrolysis of organic P, δ 18 O Psp is the stable oxygen isotope ratio of the PO 4 collected using 18 O‐spiked HNO 3 , δ 18 O Pus is the stable oxygen isotope ratio of the PO 4 collected using unspiked HNO 3 , δ 18 O Aus is the stable oxygen isotope ratio of the water in the unspiked HNO 3 , and δ 18 O Asp is the stable oxygen isotope ratio of water in the 18 O‐spiked HNO 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process is extremely fast and leads to a complete O exchange between H 2 O and PO 4 over time because PO 4 as well as pyrophosphate can bind at the active site of pyrophosphatase . This enzyme‐catalyzed O exchange is subject to a thermodynamic isotopic fractionation, leading to a temperature‐dependent equilibrium value (Eδ 18 O PO4 ) which is predictable and initially described by Longinelli and Nuti but since refined by Chang and Blake and modified by Pistocchi et al:

normalE δ^{18} O_{PO 4} = - 0.18 normalT + 26.3 + δ^{18} O_{normalH 2 normalO}

where Eδ 18 O PO4 is the stable O isotope ratio of PO 4 at equilibrium in ‰, T is the temperature in degrees Celsius and δ 18 O H2O is the stable oxygen isotope ratio of water in ‰.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The stable oxygen isotope ratio of resin extractable phosphate derived from fresh cattle faeces

Granger

Yang

Pfahler

et al. 2018

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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RationalePhosphorus losses from agriculture pose an environmental threat to watercourses. A new approach using the stable oxygen isotope ratio of oxygen in phosphate (δ18OPO4 value) may help elucidate some phosphorus sources and cycling. Accurately determined and isotopically distinct source values are essential for this process. The δ18OPO4 values of animal wastes have, up to now, received little attention.MethodsPhosphate (PO4) was extracted from cattle faeces using anion resins and the contribution of microbial PO4 was assessed. The δ18OPO4 value of the extracted PO4 was measured by precipitating silver phosphate and subsequent analysis on a thermal conversion elemental analyser at 1400°C, with the resultant carbon monoxide being mixed with a helium carrier gas passed through a gas chromatography (GC) column into a mass spectrometer. Faecal water oxygen isotope ratios (δ18OH2O values) were determined on a dual‐inlet mass spectrometer through a process of headspace carbon dioxide equilibration with water samples.ResultsMicrobiological results indicated that much of the extracted PO4 was not derived directly from the gut fauna lysed during the extraction of PO4 from the faeces. Assuming that the faecal δ18OH2O values represented cattle body water, the predicted pyrophosphatase equilibrium δ18OPO4 (Eδ18OPO4) values ranged between +17.9 and +19.9‰, while using groundwater δ18OH2O values gave a range of +13.1 to +14.0‰. The faecal δ18OPO4 values ranged between +13.2 and +15.3‰.ConclusionsThe fresh faecal δ18OPO4 values were equivalent to those reported elsewhere for agricultural animal slurry. However, they were different from the Eδ18OPO4 value calculated from the faecal δ18OH2O value. Our results indicate that slurry PO4 is, in the main, derived from animal faeces although an explanation for the observed value range could not be determined.

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δ^{18} O_{PO 4} = \frac{((), δ^{18} O_{Psp} * δ^{18} O_{Aus}) - ((), δ^{18} O_{Pus} * δ^{18} O_{Asp})}{({normalδ}^{18} {normalO}_{Psp} - {normalδ}^{18} {normalO}_{Pus} - {normalδ}^{18} {normalO}_{Asp} + {normalδ}^{18} {normalO}_{Aus})}

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

normalE δ^{18} O_{PO 4} = - 0.18 normalT + 26.3 + δ^{18} O_{normalH 2 normalO}

where Eδ 18 O PO4 is the stable O isotope ratio of PO 4 at equilibrium in ‰, T is the temperature in degrees Celsius and δ 18 O H2O is the stable oxygen isotope ratio of water in ‰.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The stable oxygen isotope ratio of resin extractable phosphate derived from fresh cattle faeces

Granger

Yang

Pfahler

et al. 2018

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…Compared to marine systems (Colman et al, 2005;McLaughlin et al, 2006aMcLaughlin et al, ,b, 2013Goldhammer et al, 2011;Jaisi et al, 2011;Joshi et al, 2015;Li et al, 2017) and soils (Zohar et al, 2010;Angert et al, 2012;Tamburini et al, 2012;Granger et al, 2017a), freshwater environments are poorly characterized with respect to δ 18 O P [but see Granger et al, 2017b;Pistocchi et al, 2017)]. The δ 18 O P we measured in the Grand River during April and early May (+9.4 ± 1.7 to +11.9 ± 0.7‰) are similar to values reported for Lake Erie tributaries in the central and western basins over summer and fall ), but lower than those reported for the River Taw, UK (Granger et al, 2017b).…”

Section: Oxygen Isotope Ratios Of Phosphate Indicate Extensive Phosphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Dynamics and Availability in the Nearshore of Eastern Lake Erie: Insights From Oxygen Isotope Ratios of Phosphate

2018

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Blooms of filamentous benthic algae that plagued Lake Erie in the 1950s through 1970s were largely reduced through reductions of phosphorus (P) loading from point sources.Since the mid-1990s, these blooms have returned despite a period of relatively stable external P inputs. While increased loadings of dissolved P have been causally linked to cyanobacterial blooms in some parts of the lake, the impacts of ecosystem changes such as the effect of invasive species on nutrient cycling and availability have not been fully elucidated, leading to uncertainty as to the effectiveness of additional non-point P management actions. Here we use the oxygen isotope ratios (δ 18 O P ) of phosphate in concert with measures of water quality along the northern shore of the east basin of Lake Erie to identify sources and pathways of P cycling and infer potential importance in relation to annual blooms of Cladophora that foul the shorelines of eastern Lake Erie. δ 18 O P data indicate that potential external source signatures are rapidly overprinted by biological cycling of P by the plankton community and that much of the available phosphate in the nearshore waters is derived from hydrolysis of dissolved organic P compounds. Near the dreissenid-colonized lake bed, δ 18 O P was persistently and significantly enriched in 18 O relative to δ 18 O P measured in surface waters and was similar to δ 18 O P of phosphate excreted by dreissenid mussels in incubations. These results implicate dreissenid mussels as key agents in nearshore P cycling and highlight the importance of considering ecosystem changes in the development of nutrient management strategies designed to ameliorate symptoms of eutrophication.

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“…A promising technique for the investigation of soil P cycling involves the determination of the 18 O: 16 O ratio of oxygen (O) bound to P (δ 18 O P value). [3][4][5][6] The δ 18 O P technique has been used to investigate the importance of microorganisms for P cycling 7 and can provide information about hydrolysis by phosphatase enzymes 8,9 and the origin of P inputs into aquatic systems. 10,11 However, information on δ 18 O P values in tropical forest soils remains scarce, despite the importance of P in the ecology of this hyper diverse biome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid ammonium fluoride method to determine the oxygen isotope ratio of available phosphorus in tropical soils

Pfahler

Bielnicka

Smith

et al. 2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale The isotopic composition of oxygen bound to phosphorus (δ18OP value) offers an opportunity to gain insight into P cycling mechanisms. However, there is little information for tropical forest soils, which presents a challenge for δ18OP measurements due to low available P concentrations. Here we report the use of a rapid ammonium fluoride extraction method (Bray‐1) as an alternative to the widely used anion‐exchange membrane (AEM) method for quantification of δ18OP values of available P in tropical forest soils. Methods We compared P concentrations and δ18OP values of available and microbial P determined by AEM and Bray‐1 extraction for a series of tropical forest soils from Panama spanning a steep P gradient. This involved an assessment of the influence of extraction conditions, including temperature, extraction time, fumigation time and solution‐to‐soil ratio, on P concentrations and isotope ratios. Results Depending on the extraction conditions, Bray‐1 P concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 66.3 mg P kg−1 across the soils. Extraction time and temperature had only minor effects on Bray‐1 P, but concentrations increased markedly as the solution‐to‐soil ratio increased. In contrast, extraction conditions did not affect Bray‐1 δ18OP values, indicating that Bray‐1 provides a robust measure of the isotopic composition of available soil P. For a relatively high P soil, available and fumigation‐released (microbial) δ18OP values determined by Bray‐1 extraction (20‰ and 16‰, respectively) were higher than those determined by the AEM method (18‰ and 12‰, respectively), which we attribute to slightly different P pools extracted by the two methods and/or differences resulting from the longer extraction time needed for the AEM method. Conclusions The short extraction time, insensitivity to extraction conditions and smaller mass of soil required to extract sufficient P for isotopic analysis make Bray‐1extraction a suitable alternative to the AEM method for the determination of δ18OP values of available P in tropical soils.

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Tracing the sources and cycling of phosphorus in river sediments using oxygen isotopes: Methodological adaptations and first results from a case study in France

Cited by 56 publications

References 49 publications

The stable oxygen isotope ratio of resin extractable phosphate derived from fresh cattle faeces

The stable oxygen isotope ratio of resin extractable phosphate derived from fresh cattle faeces

Phosphorus Dynamics and Availability in the Nearshore of Eastern Lake Erie: Insights From Oxygen Isotope Ratios of Phosphate

A rapid ammonium fluoride method to determine the oxygen isotope ratio of available phosphorus in tropical soils

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