Tracking Trichophyton tonsurans Through a Large Urban Child Care Center: Defining Infection Prevalence and Transmission Patterns by Molecular Strain Typing

Abdel‐Rahman, Susan M.; Simon, Steve; Wright, Krista J.; Ndjountché, Liliane; Gaedigk, Andrea

doi:10.1542/peds.2006-2065

Cited by 42 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In more detail, NTS II was most frequently isolated from wrestlers in the Kansai area, but only a few Kansai strains were used in the study, and the only wrestling related strain from the Kansai area was found to be NTS II, suggesting that the frequency of (21). The stability of molecular markers may also be an issue, but serial passage over 36 months showed that the molecular types, including the VIR, remained stable (20).…”

Section: Molecular Typing Using Nts Regionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Molecular Epidemiology of Trichophyton tonsurans, the Causative Dermatophyte of the Tinea Gladiatorum Epidemic in Japan between 2011 and 2015

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Molecular Typing Using Nts Regionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Molecular Epidemiology of Trichophyton tonsurans, the Causative Dermatophyte of the Tinea Gladiatorum Epidemic in Japan between 2011 and 2015

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…6 In addition, a study conducted with children in daycares in the United States revealed that between 22 to 50% of them exhibited symptoms of dermatophyte infection of the hair scalp. 7 In Brazil, the Southern and Southeast regions have a high incidence of infections caused by the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum, followed by Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, whereas in the Northeast, Trichophyton tonsurans, T. rubrum and M. canis predominate. 8,9 In the State of Sao Paulo, 4,500 children (0-15 years old) were evaluated to determine the incidence of tinea capitis from 1996 to 2000.…”

Section: Epidemiological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatófitos: interação patógeno-hospedeiro e resistência a antifúngicos

Peres¹,

Maranhão²,

Rossi

et al. 2010

An. Bras. Dermatol.

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cutaneous mycoses are among the most common infections in humans and have become an important public health issue because they cause invasive infections in immunocompromised patients. During the infectious process, dermatophyte-host interactions trigger specific metabolic adaptations that allow the pathogen to adhere to and penetrate the host tissue, scavenge nutrients, and overcome the host defense mechanisms. This metabolic shift and the interplay between metabolism, morphogenesis and stress response are important factors that have been extensively studied in several pathogens. Host cells also respond to the pathogen stimuli by activating intracellular signaling pathways that trigger the immune response against the infectious agent. The comprehension of the molecular aspects of these responses may help to establish new therapeutical strategies. In this review, different aspects of the biology of dermatophytes are addressed, with emphasis on the dermatophyte-host interaction and the mechanisms of antifungal resistance. Keywords: Antifungal agents; Dermatomycoses; Drug resistance, fungal; Host-pathogen interactions Resumo: As micoses cutâneas estão entre as infecções mais comuns em humanos e se tornaram um importante problema de saúde pública, principalmente por causarem infecções invasivas em pacientes imunodeprimidos. Durante a infecção, a interação dermatófito-hospedeiro desencadeia adaptações metabólicas específicas que permitem aos patógenos aderirem e penetrarem no tecido, remodelando seu metabolismo para captar nutrientes e superar os mecanismos de defesa do hospedeiro. Esse remodelamento metabólico e a inter-relação entre metabolismo, morfogênese e resposta ao estresse são importantes fatores que estão sendo intensamente avaliados em diversos patógenos. As células do hospedeiro também respondem aos estímulos do patógeno, ativando vias de sinalização intracelular que culminam no desencadeamento de uma resposta imune contra o agente infeccioso. O entendimento molecular dessas respostas metabólicas pode ajudar no estabelecimento de novas estratégias terapêuti-cas. Nesta revisão, são abordados diferentes aspectos da biologia dos dermatófitos, com ênfase na interação dermatófito-hospedeiro e nos mecanismos de resistência a antifúngicos.

show abstract

“…In the United States, where T. tonsurans is endemic among African American children, infection rates as high as 50% have been observed in large-scale epidemiologic investigations (2). Infection rates for species that are endemic in other geographic regions can be equally impressive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, careful optimization of the PCR amplification procedures ensured a singular, discernible pattern for each strain in the validation set (9). Yet subsequent application of our PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)-based strain-typing methods to a large-scale epidemiologic investigation revealed composite RFLP patterns at this locus (2). Notably, examining coding region variations in conjunction with variations in the rDNA locus offered evidence that these patterns were consistent with infections comprised of more than one strain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus Genotyping Identifies Infections by Multiple Strains of Trichophyton tonsurans

2007

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acquisition of multiple genetic strains of a single dermatophyte species should not be unexpected in areas of high endemicity, and yet multistrain infections are infrequently reported. This communication details mixed Trichophyton tonsurans infections and highlights the need to confirm the presence of multiple strains in a clinical single isolate by use of a multilocus approach.Clinical and epidemiological investigations, along with population-based evolutionary studies, all benefit from the ability to distinguish pathogen strains. Without the ability to reliably discriminate variants within a species one cannot adequately determine the extent of genetic variation within and between pathogen populations, investigate the origins of phenetic diversity within a species, or gain insight into the relationship between the organism and its host (17). For many fungal pathogens, strain-typing methods have been developed for neutrally evolving areas of the genome, with typing strategies aimed at detecting intraspecific genetic variation in the dermatophytes almost exclusively represented by the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus (9,10,11,16,18,21).The rDNA region remains popular for investigations of microbial pathogens. The intergenic spacer is known to exhibit a large degree of variation, and the highly conserved flanking rDNA genes make it relatively easy to target the region. Nevertheless, it is not uncommon for papers describing straintyping methods using this region to report amplification patterns that are difficult to interpret (11,12). We similarly reported challenges with initial attempts at characterizing this region from Trichophyton tonsurans. However, careful optimization of the PCR amplification procedures ensured a singular, discernible pattern for each strain in the validation set (9). Yet subsequent application of our PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)-based strain-typing methods to a large-scale epidemiologic investigation revealed composite RFLP patterns at this locus (2). Notably, examining coding region variations in conjunction with variations in the rDNA locus offered evidence that these patterns were consistent with infections comprised of more than one strain.Given that clinically derived samples and samples acquired in large-scale studies are rarely plated in a clonal fashion, typing strategies require the ability to discriminate mixed infections (i.e., infections by more than one strain). This is particularly relevant when studies are conducted in areas of high endemicity where more than half of the relevant sample population may be harboring the pathogen and multiple strain types are known to occur. This communication provides details on multistrain T. tonsurans infections confirmed from a single clinical isolate by use of a multilocus approach. MATERIALS AND METHODSClinical isolates. The T. tonsurans isolates described for this investigation were obtained from a prospective epidemiologic investigation reported on previously by the investigators (2). Scalp cultures were performed ...

show abstract

Tracking Trichophyton tonsurans Through a Large Urban Child Care Center: Defining Infection Prevalence and Transmission Patterns by Molecular Strain Typing

Cited by 42 publications

References 22 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of <i>Trichophyton tonsurans</i>, the Causative Dermatophyte of the Tinea Gladiatorum Epidemic in Japan between 2011 and 2015

Molecular Epidemiology of <i>Trichophyton tonsurans</i>, the Causative Dermatophyte of the Tinea Gladiatorum Epidemic in Japan between 2011 and 2015

Dermatófitos: interação patógeno-hospedeiro e resistência a antifúngicos

Multilocus Genotyping Identifies Infections by Multiple Strains of Trichophyton tonsurans

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About