Trade-off between plant growth and defense? A comparison of sagebrush populations

Messina, Frank J.; Durham, Susan L.; Richards, James H.; McArthur, Durant E.

doi:10.1007/s00442-001-0859-3

Cited by 54 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The EICA hypothesis, one of the central tenets of invasion biology theory, predicts that exotic plant species suffer less damage by herbivores in their introduced ranges and they might thus reallocate fewer resources to defence and more to growth and reproduction. In addition to the differential herbivore pressures, this outcome arises because plant defence/resistance traits are energetically expensive to produce and maintain, and therefore it is commonly assumed that resistance and fitness traits trade-off with each other (Messina et al, 2002;Donaldson et al, 2006;Sampedro et al, 2011a). The existence of such trade-offs between defence and fitness traits may explain why exotic plant species are usually more vigorous in non-indigenous habitats (usually with reduced load of enemies) than in their natural range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming that the production of plant defences is costly in terms of growth and fitness, current theories on the evolution of plant resistance predict the existence of evolutionary trade-offs (negative genetic correlations) between resistance and fitness traits (Messina et al, 2002;Donaldson et al, 2006;Sampedro et al, 2011a), and between different resistance traits (reviewed by Koricheva et al (2004)). The existence of these trade-offs may severely constrain the invasion success of plant populations in non-indigenous habitats, as trade-offs limit the simultaneous change of negatively correlated traits (Orians and Ward, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Additive genetic variation in resistance traits of an exotic pine species: little evidence for constraints on evolution of resistance against native herbivores

2012

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The apparent failure of invasions by alien pines in Europe has been explained by the co-occurrence of native pine congeners supporting herbivores that might easily recognize the new plants as hosts. Previous studies have reported that exotic pines show reduced tolerance and capacity to induce resistance to those native herbivores. We hypothesize that limited genetic variation in resistance to native herbivores and the existence of evolutionary trade-offs between growth and resistance could represent additional potential constraints on the evolution of invasiveness of exotic pines outside their natural range. In this paper, we examined genetic variation for constitutive and induced chemical defences (measured as non-volatile resin in the stem and total phenolics in the needles) and resistance to two major native generalist herbivores of pines in cafeteria bioassays (the phloem-feeder Hylobius abietis and the defoliator Thaumetopoea pityocampa) using half-sib families drawn from a sample of the population of Pinus radiata introduced to Spain in the mid-19th century. We found (i) significant genetic variation, with moderate-to-high narrow-sense heritabilities for both the production of constitutive non-volatile resin and induced total phenolics, and for constitutive resistance against T. pityocampa in bioassays, (ii) no evolutionary trade-offs between plant resistance and growth traits or between the production of different quantitative chemical defences and (iii) a positive genetic correlation between constitutive resistance to the two studied herbivores. Overall, results of our study indicate that the exotic pine P. radiata has limited genetic constraints on the evolution of resistance against herbivores in its introduced range, suggesting that, at least in terms of interactions with these enemies, this pine species has potential to become invasive in the future. (2010)). For instance, the enemy release hypothesis predicts that exotic plants spread rapidly because they escape from their co-evolved natural enemies in the new range (Elton, 1958;Maron and Vilà, 2001). Accordingly, the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis states that exotic plant species, with few specialized enemies in their new range, are more competitive than native species because they preferentially allocate resources to growth or reproduction instead of defences (Blossey and Nötzold, 1995). Although both hypotheses have been examined in a diverse array of terrestrial (Bossdorf et al.,

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive genetic variation in resistance traits of an exotic pine species: little evidence for constraints on evolution of resistance against native herbivores

2012

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“…The number of constraints for the primal programme depends on the number of accessions, while that of the dual programme depends on the number of inputs and outputs. An accession a is considered (fully) BCC-efficient in the VRS sense if there exists a solution to Equation (4) such that the following two conditions are satisfied:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trade-offs are influenced by the environment and their resolution depends on metabolic resources and plasticity 1,2 . One important environmental variable affecting plant growth is resource availability [3][4][5][6] . We first ask whether there is a trade-off between two tasks during vegetative growth of Arabidopsis thaliana: the maximization of physical size and the maximization of protein concentration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic efficiency underpins performance trade-offs in growth of Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2014

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Growth often involves a trade-off between the performance of contending tasks; metabolic plasticity can play an important role. Here we grow 97 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions in three conditions with a differing supply of carbon and nitrogen and identify a trade-off between two tasks required for rosette growth: increasing the physical size and increasing the protein concentration. We employ the Pareto performance frontier concept to rank accessions based on their multitask performance; only a few accessions achieve a good trade-off under all three growth conditions. We determine metabolic efficiency in each accession and condition by using metabolite levels and activities of enzymes involved in growth and protein synthesis. We demonstrate that accessions with high metabolic efficiency lie closer to the performance frontier and show increased metabolic plasticity. We illustrate how public domain data can be used to search for additional contending tasks, which may underlie the sub-optimality in some accessions. L iving organisms perform many different and sometimes contending tasks, leading to trade-offs in which optimal performance of one task comes at the cost of a sub-optimal performance of another task. Trade-offs are influenced by the environment and their resolution depends on metabolic resources and plasticity 1,2 . One important environmental variable affecting plant growth is resource availability 3-6 . We first ask whether there is a trade-off between two tasks during vegetative growth of Arabidopsis thaliana: the maximization of physical size and the maximization of protein concentration. We then apply two methods to rank accessions: the first based solely on the performance of tasks, and the second based on the efficiency with which metabolic resources are deployed to perform tasks. In addition, we investigate whether the trade-off and the ranking of accessions are affected by the availability of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and the way in which it shapes the accession-specific metabolic profiles.Plants use light energy to transform CO 2 and inorganic nutrients into a plethora of metabolic precursors that are used to drive growth. As plants are sessile, resource acquisition is constrained by their physical size. In land plants, the majority of a mature cell is occupied by the vacuole, allowing the generation of a much larger physical size per unit protein than is usually obtained by microbes or animals 7 . For simplification, we do not consider the impact of shape and phenology on the relation between physical size and resource acquisition. On the other hand, proteins are required to catalyse the transformation of resources into biomass. In particular, the majority of the protein in a plant leaf is involved in photosynthesis [8][9][10] . We hypothesize that there is a trade-off between physical size and protein concentration. While production of leaves with a higher protein concentration will allow higher rates of photosynthesis and metabolism per unit biomass, it also increases the costs of growth a...

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“…Among temperate herbs in the Asteraceae, growth rate is not related to the toxicity of their chemical defences (Almeida-Cortez et al 1999). Likewise, for diVerent geographic populations of sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), there is little evidence for a trade-oV between inherent growth rate and either tolerance or resistance to herbivory (Messina et al 2002).…”

Section: Growth and Survival Diverences Among Cecropia Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat partitioning among neotropical pioneers: a consequence of differential susceptibility to browsing herbivores?

et al. 2009

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Four species of fast-growing pioneer tree species in the genus Cecropia exist in the forests in central Panama. Cecropia insignis is dominant in old-growth forests but absent from nearby secondary forests; C. obtusifolia, and C. peltata are abundant in secondary forests but rare in old-growth forest, and C. longipes is uncommon in both. To determine whether Cecropia habitat associations are a consequence of local dispersal or diVerences in recruitment success, we grew seedlings of these species in common gardens in large treefall gaps in secondary and old-growth forest. In contrast to the observed adult distribution, only C. insignis grew signiWcantly over 16 months in secondary forests; remaining species were heavily browsed by herbivores. C. insignis also grew and survived best in old-growth forest. DiVerences in susceptibility to herbivory did not result from an ant defence mutualism; none of the plants were colonised by ants during the experiment. To test whether C. insignis, the species least susceptible to herbivory, trades oV investment in growth in favour of defence, we also grew the four Cecropia species in a screened growing house under light conditions comparable to large forest gaps. Contrary to expectation, species growth rates were similar; only C. peltata grew signiWcantly faster than C. insignis. These results suggest that (1) conditions in »40-year-old secondary forests no longer support the recruitment of Cecropia species, which are canopy dominants there; and (2) among congeners, diVerences in plant traits with little apparent cost to growth can have large impacts on recruitment by aVecting palatability to herbivores.

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Trade-off between plant growth and defense? A comparison of sagebrush populations

Cited by 54 publications

References 49 publications

Additive genetic variation in resistance traits of an exotic pine species: little evidence for constraints on evolution of resistance against native herbivores

Additive genetic variation in resistance traits of an exotic pine species: little evidence for constraints on evolution of resistance against native herbivores

Metabolic efficiency underpins performance trade-offs in growth of Arabidopsis thaliana

Habitat partitioning among neotropical pioneers: a consequence of differential susceptibility to browsing herbivores?

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