Trademarks as an indicator of innovation: towards a fuller picture

Abstract

Secretaria Geral do Cedeplar Maristela Dória (Secretária-Geral) Simone Basques Sette dos Reis (Editoração) http://www.cedeplar.ufmg.br Textos para Discussão A série de Textos para Discussão divulga resultados preliminares de estudos desenvolvidos no âmbito do Cedeplar, com o objetivo de compartilhar ideias e obter comentários e críticas da comunidade científica antes de seu envio para publicação final. Os Textos para Discussão do Cedeplar começaram a ser publicados em 1974 e têm se destacado pela diversidade de temas e áreas de pesquisa. Ficha catalográfica R484t 2017 Ribeiro, Leonardo Costa. Trademarks as an indicator of innovation : towards a fuller picture / Leonardo Costa Ribeiro, Ulisses dos Santos, Valbona Muzaka.

Lifting the hood of supply and demand for trademarks of start‐ups: Partial observability estimates

“…From this graphical evidence, two important points are observed: (i) the steady uplift in trademarks and (ii) the narrowing gap between filings and registrations of trademarks. Further analysis by Ribeiro et al (2022, figure 1, p. 492) suggests a long‐run secular increase in the intensity of trademarking, in that, once firms have started trademarking, they tend to trademark more subsequently. In the relatively short time interval that our data cover, 2005–2011, it is difficult to confirm more intense trademarking over time.…”

“…While patents and copyrights issued by these bodies have tended to have the most academic attention, more modest IP types, like trademarks, have become more important in recent years, because they are effective, flexible and relatively cheap (Flikkema et al, 2014; Lyalkov et al, 2020). This has made trademarks very attractive to SMEs seeking IP protection (Ribeiro et al, 2022).…”

“…Oduro (2019), who finds that open innovation practices are commonplace for low-tech SMEs in emerging markets. Today, IP is increasingly relevant to SMEs, especially in its trademark form, which is now the most used IP and is regarded as an important signaller of innovative capacity, (Ribeiro et al, 2022). Such trademarks have evolved distinctive features; cf.…”

“…(Flikkema et al, 2014;Lyalkov et al, 2020). This has made trademarks very attractive to SMEs seeking IP protection (Ribeiro et al, 2022). Trademarks protect brands rather than radical inventions (Blackett, 1998).…”

“…Recently, trademarks have been recognised as being an increasingly important type of intellectual property (IP), both in terms of volume, having grown exponentially in the last 80 years (at a rate of over 8% growth) (Ribeiro et al, 2022), and in terms of function. As regards the latter, for example, trademarks are being associated with Kirznerian entrepreneurship (see Lyalkov et al, 2020) and are recognised as becoming ‘unplugged’ (Kozinski, 1993), in the sense of being much more than just an identifier of a product, but rather a part of the product per se.…”