Tradeoffs between soil, water, and carbon – A national scale analysis from New Zealand

Dymond, J. R.; Ausseil, Anne-Gäelle; Ekanayake, Jagath C.; Kirschbaum, Miko U. F.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.09.019

Cited by 85 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…concentration of leachate was estimated by dividing the annual nitrate-N leached by the volume of water yield, on a catchment-bycatchment basis (Dymond et al 2011). With a few exceptions, the median river water concentration was less than the mean leachate concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A catchment estimate of DRP in leachate was estimated by combining a national map of water yield (Dymond et al 2011) with the map of concentration of DRP in subsurface flow. Similar to Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A phosphorus-leaching map at 2011 was produced by combining a national map of water yield (Dymond et al 2011) with a map of concentration of DRP in subsurface flow. This assumes that most water yield in rivers comes from subsurface rather than overland flow (Davie 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrate and phosphorus leaching in New Zealand: a national perspective

Dymond

Ausseil

Parfitt

et al. 2013

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Excessive amounts of nutrients in rivers promote biological growth of periphyton and macrophytes to nuisance levels. Of most concern, because they are immediately available for growth, are dissolved inorganic forms of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), primarily as nitrate-N and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP). To help understand the sources of dissolved nutrients, we estimated and mapped subsurface flow (i.e. leaching) losses of nitrate and DRP.There are large areas of high nitrate leaching in Waikato, Bay of Plenty, Taranaki and Canterbury. The high spatial detail of the maps permits use for planning mitigation at local, regional and national scales. However, they should not be used to infer leaching rates for particular farms as average farming practices are assumed. The nitrate leaching maps were driven primarily by animal numbers, so regional trends of total leached nitrate between 1990 and 2010 were able to be determined from regional statistics of farm animals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrate and phosphorus leaching in New Zealand: a national perspective

Dymond

Ausseil

Parfitt

et al. 2013

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…Human management of ecosystems may cause a mutual conversion between tradeoffs and synergies that arise as the spatial scales move up, bringing about desirable or undesirable outcomes (Heal, 2000;Balvanera et al, 2001). Addressing these challenges requires accounting for mainstream ESs spatio-temporally at different scales during LULC changes (McNally et al, 2011;Dymond et al, 2012). Along with the growing recognition of integrating ESs into ecosystem-based management decisions, spatial patterns of ESs across landscapes should be more broadly explored (Egoh et al, 2008;Tallis et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tradeoff and synergy between ecosystem services in the Grain-for-Green areas in Northern Shaanxi, China

Jia

Feng

et al. 2014

Ecological Indicators

327

162

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a b s t r a c tAs an important part of the strategy of Western development, the Grain-for-Green Program (GFGP) was initiated to protect the environment and mitigate disasters. Ecosystem services and their dynamics are considered emerging features of ecological quality and the change in direction by many scholars and practitioners. Extending from ecosystem services (ESs) modeling, we propose a simple and feasible framework for quantitatively assessing the benefits and equilibrium of the consequences of the GFGP. Our starting evaluation shows that ESs has changed dramatically in the GFGP area. By fitting pair-wise ESs' spatial concordances at the grid-cell level, we have revealed the tradeoffs between provisioning and regulating services and the synergies between the regulating services. The analysis of the variability of the relationship between ESs on different land cover types clearly identifies the vegetation that has produced exceptionally strong ESs. Our findings suggest that quantifying the interactions between ESs may improve the ecosystem-based management practices and support policy-making to address the challenges of the sustainable use of natural resources. The framework designed for regional-scale analysis can help in clearly understanding the interrelations of ESs and make natural resources related decisions more effective and efficient, although this framework still needs to move beyond these fundamental and illustrative analyses to more fully explain the synergies and tradeoffs.

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“…The decreased water yield of forests was estimated using the WATYIELD model (Fahey et al 2010;Dymond et al 2011 A national map of the ratio of biodiversity benefit over cost of lost production was derived and areas with ratios higher than 0.2 were identified. We thought 0.2 represented a threshold above which the biodiversity value represented a significant proportion of the cost of lost production.…”

Section: Other Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for restoring indigenous forest in New Zealand

Dymond

Ausseil

Kirschbaum

et al. 2013

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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We assessed the opportunities for restoring indigenous forest from grassland. Using a map of basic ecosystems at 2008, we identified grassland areas with a high ratio of biodiversity benefit (after conversion to indigenous forest) over loss of agricultural production. With approximately 2 mha of grassland with a benefit/cost ratio of 0.2 or more, there are many opportunities for restoration. We also assessed the opportunities to protect shrublands already regenerating to indigenous forest. There are presently about 0.7 mha of shrublands with a high carbon sequestration over stock-carrying capacity ratio ( 20). National models of other ecosystem services such as erosion control, provision of fresh water, water regulation, and tourism and recreation, may be used in a second-tier selection process. The methods developed here could be used in a formalised system for calculating ecosystem service offsets.

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Tradeoffs between soil, water, and carbon – A national scale analysis from New Zealand

Cited by 85 publications

References 16 publications

Nitrate and phosphorus leaching in New Zealand: a national perspective

Nitrate and phosphorus leaching in New Zealand: a national perspective

The tradeoff and synergy between ecosystem services in the Grain-for-Green areas in Northern Shaanxi, China

Opportunities for restoring indigenous forest in New Zealand

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